Gymnastics. Theoretical information, rules of behavior in gymnastics classes

Schoolchildren who have passed a medical examination and safety instructions are allowed to participate in gymnastics classes. Classes are held in the hall according to the schedule approved by the school director. The gym opens 5 minutes before classes start. Entry to the hall is permitted only in the presence of a teacher. Students must wear sports uniform of the established type. Students who are late for the start are not allowed to attend classes. Installation and transportation of equipment in the hall is carried out only as directed by the teacher. It is prohibited to perform exercises on faulty or contaminated sports equipment, without insurance, without using gymnastic mats, or with wet palms. After classes, all equipment must be put in place in accordance with their placement diagram in the hall. Students may leave the gym during classes only with the permission of the teacher. It is not allowed to practice on sports equipment without a teacher (instructor, coach). The gym must have a first aid kit with a set of necessary medications and dressings for first aid.

^ What should be the training load when performing physical exercises?

Physical activity is the magnitude of the impact of physical exercise on the body of those involved. If certain conditions are met, the load leads to an increase in the functional capabilities of the body. Repeated application of the load, its gradual increase and alternation with the necessary rest contribute to the development of the necessary physical (motor) qualities. It follows that the results of physical exercise depend mainly on the volume and intensity of the load. Volume is understood as the amount of physical activity per workout (week, month), expressed in measures of time, length, weight, the number of exercises performed and other specific indicators. Intensity is the amount of work performed per unit of time. The distribution of the load in classes should correspond to the age of the students and their level of training. Too little load will not improve results, and too much load can lead to fatigue and overtraining. Overwhelming physical activity leads to the fact that the trainee's face turns pale or redder, profuse sweat flows from his forehead, he develops shortness of breath, coordination of movements is impaired, and the desire and interest in any activity disappears. To increase the effectiveness of training, it is necessary to carefully dose physical activity and avoid overtraining.

In accordance with the applied load, the functional state of the body can be judged by the pulse before the start of the next lesson.

This is done as follows. Before the start of the lesson, you need to rest while sitting for 3 minutes, and then count the number of heartbeats in 1 minute. If before each lesson their number is approximately the same, this indicates normal recovery and the body’s readiness to start the next lesson. A pulse value of 48-60 beats/min is assessed as excellent, 60-74 beats as good, 74-89 beats as satisfactory and more than 90 beats. /min - as unsatisfactory.

During physical exercise, the degree of increase in heart rate depends on many factors, the main ones being the intensity and volume of physical activity. If the heart rate during exercise fluctuates between 100-130 beats/min, this indicates a light load. A pulse rate of 130-150 beats/min characterizes a moderate-intensity load. A pulse of 150-170 beats/min corresponds to a high load; an increase in heart rate to 170-200 beats/min signals that the maximum load has been reached.

^ Self-control using a functional test (tell, demonstrate and evaluate).

Conventional studies at rest cannot reveal significant deviations from the norm in the activity of the heart and blood vessels. Therefore, functional tests of the cardiovascular system are used for this purpose, which help to identify the body’s adaptability to physical activity. Most often, various functional tests are used with different dosed loads (for example, 60 jumps, 20 squats, 3-minute running in place, etc.). To determine the general level of fitness, functional tests must meet certain requirements. Firstly, the load must correspond to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the body. Secondly, the tests should reveal the body’s adaptability to physical stress. Thirdly, the test should be simple and feasible under any conditions.

It should be taken into account that in the process of systematic training sessions, the resting heart rate becomes lower, and the difference between the heart rate values ​​in a lying and standing position gradually decreases. In addition, the more trained the body, the less the pulse increases after physical activity, and after a shorter period of time the pulse is restored to normal.

For self-monitoring, a six-moment functional test of the cardiovascular system is most often used, which is performed in the following sequence:

Calmly rise and stand for 1 minute, then count your pulse for 1 minute;

Do 20 deep squats for 40 seconds. During squats, vigorously move your arms forward, and when standing up, lower them down. After this, count your pulse again for the first minute;

The fitness level assessment is obtained by summing all six results obtained. The lower the total indicator, the higher the level of training. For highly trained students, this indicator can range from 300 to 350 (5 points); for well-trained people - from 350 to 400 (4 points); for moderately trained people - from 400 to 450 (3 points); for poorly trained people - from 450 to 500 (2 points); for those who are untrained or have health problems - more than 500 (1 point). This functional test must be carried out three times: in September, December and May. All other things being equal, a decrease in the total indicator will indicate an improvement in health and an increase in the level of fitness, and an increase in it will indicate a deterioration in well-being and a decrease in athletic fitness.

^ To prevent injuries during physical education, one should first determine the causes, conditions and circumstances of injuries suffered by students during various exercises, and then develop injury-preventing behavioral recommendations.

Most often, minor sports injuries occur that do not cause much trouble to the victims. As a rule, these are ordinary injuries, the same as in everyday life. But there are injuries that are typical only for athletes. They can be of varying severity, including severe ones, requiring surgical intervention by medical specialists. It is necessary to highlight three main factors influencing injury rates: individual characteristics of those involved in physical education; conditions for conducting classes, availability and quality of equipment (equipment); features of a specific type of sports activity and type of physical activity.

Among the individual characteristics of people involved in physical education and sports, the most important are age, the state of the nervous system, temperament, psychological maturity and practical experience. In educational institutions, the greatest number of injuries is observed at the beginning and end of the school year, when students are not yet functionally ready for stress or are already in an overstressed state. The risk of injury due to infectious diseases, often accompanied by various complications, increases sharply.

The conditions for conducting classes, sports equipment and equipment are important for preventing injuries. Thus, adverse weather and insufficient lighting significantly increase the risk of injury.

Injuries can also be caused by equipment that is of poor quality or not suitable in size or for a given sport, or by underestimating special protective equipment.

It is equally necessary to take into account the characteristics of a particular type of sports activity and the type of physical activity. Some sports have their own special requirements for those involved. Their characteristics can lead to injuries specific to these sports. Different types of physical activity also place different demands on participants. To prevent injuries during physical education and sports, each participant is recommended to follow the following rules:

Have appropriate clothing, shoes, equipment and equipment for classes;

Do not immediately strive for record results, but improve your athletic performance gradually, without compromising your health;

Before each lesson, be sure to perform warm-up exercises to reduce the likelihood of stretching and tearing muscles, ligaments and tendons;

Be sure to use protective equipment (shields, helmets, goggles) when necessary.

^ Means and methods of achieving spiritual, moral, physical and mental well-being.

The spiritual, moral and mental well-being of a person provides him with the necessary conditions for a full, active and creative life. Such a state is possible only under certain circumstances: when a person is physically healthy, aims at noble deeds, and is also able to neutralize his own negative impulses towards others and those around him towards himself.

The leading direction of action to achieve this state is to adopt a healthy lifestyle, which is aimed at physical and mental well-being. The most important component of a healthy lifestyle is physical culture and sports, which use means and methods of a specific focus. Physical education is characterized by complexity in the use of means, which, in addition to physical exercises, should include the natural forces of nature and hygienic factors.

Physical exercise is a motor action specifically designed to solve the problems of physical education.

The difference between physical exercise and labor motor action is that physical exercise is aimed at oneself, at one’s personal physical improvement, while labor motor action is aimed at the subject of production activity.

The use of natural forces of nature as a means of physical education is carried out in two directions:

They, as accompanying factors, create the most favorable conditions for physical exercise and complement and enhance the effectiveness of the effects of movements on the human body;

As relatively independent means of healing and hardening in the form of special procedures, sun, air and water baths, they, included in the regime of work and educational activities, become a form of active recreation, increase the recovery effect and create positive emotions.

One of the main requirements when using the natural forces of nature is their systematic and complex use in combination with physical exercise. Their correct use makes it possible to implement the mechanism of transfer of the hardening effect, i.e., to demonstrate the acquired hardening effect in educational and work activities; creates opportunities to overcome heavy loads and, consequently, increase performance; increases the body's resistance to radiation, overload, vibration, motion sickness, etc.; forms high volitional qualities.

An extensive group of various products are hygienic factors, conditionally divided into two subgroups. The first subgroup includes means that ensure human life outside the process of physical education: standards of personal and public hygiene, everyday life, study, work, nutrition, rest, i.e., conditions for full-fledged physical exercise. The second group consists of means included in the process of physical education: optimizing the regime of exercise and rest in accordance with hygienic standards, ensuring a balanced diet, creating external conditions for physical exercise (clean air, sufficient lighting, artificial aeronization, serviceability of equipment, comfortable clothing, etc.) ...) and recovery after them (bath, shower, massage, etc.).

In the process of physical education, various teaching methods are used. They can be divided into three groups: visual, verbal and practical. Methods of visual perception consist of demonstration, display of posters, filmograms, drawings, subject aids (articulated models), films and videos. Methods of using the word are conversation, task, command, explanation, description, evaluation, counting, analysis, telling and indicating. Practical methods - strictly regulated exercises (learning in parts or as a whole) and partially regulated exercises (games and competitions). They are fundamental in learning by motor action.

^ Self-monitoring using an orthostatic test (tell, demonstrate and evaluate).

During physical exercise, the most informative and simple indicator of well-being is the heart rate (HR), which can be measured by placing your fingers on your wrist.

In order to assess the effect of physical exercise on the state of the cardiovascular system, it is possible to recommend performing an o-tostatic test. It consists of calculating heart rate first in a lying position for one minute, then after rising without sudden effort in a standing position. If the difference between the two counts is more than 20 beats/min, then this may indicate insufficient restoration of body functions as a result of an illness or a hidden deterioration in well-being associated with overtraining.

There are other ways of self-control: test with squats; measurement of vital capacity of the lungs (VC); anthropometric measurements; determining the degree of fatigue (severe, significant, mild) by external signs - skin color, well-being, attention, sweating and breathing, etc.

^ General safety requirements for sports competitions.

General safety requirements for sports competitions include the following:

Compliance with age standards for the beginning of specialization in sports and admission to competitions (“Handbook for a physical education teacher,” Table 12. Author: G. I. Pogadaev);

Only persons who have undergone a medical examination and instruction may participate in the competition. Students of preparatory and special medical groups are not allowed to participate in sports competitions;

Competition rules must be strictly observed by all participants;

Participants are allowed to compete in sportswear and shoes appropriate to the sport, season and weather, and are required to comply with the rules for wearing them;

There must be a first aid kit to provide first aid to victims;

Any accident should be immediately reported to the head of the competition and the administration of the institution;

If there is a malfunction of inventory and equipment, the competition is immediately stopped and the manager is informed about this.

Persons who have failed to comply with or violated general safety requirements during sports competitions are subject to an investigation to make a specific decision.

^ Physiological characteristics of the pre-launch state and the “second wind”. How to behave in such situations?

Not all people are in the same psychological and physical state a few days, hours, minutes or seconds before the start of competition. In everyday life, people call this period the pre-start state, and among athletes, teachers and coaches it is called the starting state. The starting state is the strengthening of a number of functions of the human body before the start of competition, despite the fact that at this time the body is still at rest. The starting state can occur many hours before the start of the competition. Thoughts about the upcoming competition and conversations about it can cause changes in physiological functions that usually accompany the athlete’s competitive actions, but are absent when the body is completely at rest. In this state, there is an increase in heart rate, increased blood pressure, increased breathing, and the content of sugar and some hormones (in particular, adrenaline) in the blood increases. In a physiological sense, the starting state is a conditioned reflex that has an emotional connotation. There are three types of emotions that characterize this state: combat readiness, starting fever and starting apathy. The state of combat readiness is a favorable form of the starting state. Physiological changes correspond to the intensity of the upcoming work; psychologically this is manifested in confident anticipation of the upcoming start, in the desire to win the competition. Starting fever is an overexcitation of the nervous system. Physiological changes in this case are prohibitively large compared to the work ahead. There is trembling of the hands, sometimes it covers the whole body. Starting fever due to excessive excitement can cause insufficient coordination of movements, false starts, and an unsuccessful start to the performance. Initial apathy is inhibition that has replaced excessive excitement. It represents the reverse side of fever and is characterized by the athlete’s lack of confidence in his abilities and the emergence of a desire to give up competition. An important means of combating unfavorable forms of the starting state is warming up. It reduces excessive excitement during the initial fever and relieves the depressed state during the initial apathy.

Sometimes athletes (especially beginners), some time after the start, experience a peculiar condition called a “dead point.” This is most often observed when running. This condition manifests itself in stiffness of the legs, a feeling of tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and even suffocation. If you overcome the “dead spot” state, despite the discomfort and a slight decrease in speed, gather your will and continue moving, as experienced athletes usually do, then after a while relief comes. This state, which replaces the “dead point,” is called “second wind.”

The main reason for the occurrence of a “dead spot” is that an excessively high speed from the beginning of the distance does not create conditions for the normal functioning of the respiratory and circulatory systems that ensure muscle work. This leads to an insufficient supply of oxygen to the muscles; their work is carried out mainly under anaerobic conditions. In addition, this condition can occur if the athlete has not warmed up and warmed up enough before the start. It has been noticed that if the speed at a distance during the “dead point” does not decrease, then all the described phenomena progress, fatigue quickly sets in and the matter may end in leaving the race. Reducing the intensity of work protects the body from the onset of acute fatigue and creates conditions conducive to the normalization of physiological functions. In this case, the “dead point” is replaced by a “second wind”. Experienced athletes warm up well before the start, distribute their efforts over the distance according to their capabilities and choose a speed over the distance that prevents the occurrence of a “dead spot”.

^ What requirements must a self-monitoring diary meet? Methodology for self-analysis of his data (using a personal example).

Recording the results of self-control in a personal diary allows you to plan and adjust ways to further improve the educational and training process. A personal diary, which can be kept in any form, should reflect such issues as the implementation of the daily routine, the nature of nutrition, well-being, tasks and the volume of morning physical exercises performed during exercise, their intensity, the content of training sessions during the day, week and etc. Systematic recording of the pulse gives an idea of ​​the change in functional state and fitness. If the pulse is measured after waking up from sleep, before and after exercise, during training sessions, in the recovery period, then this information will help determine your own functional state and will assist in the ongoing planning of training and competitive loads. You should also record the results of your weighing in the self-control diary, which is recommended to be carried out before and after classes. By analyzing changes in weight under the influence of loads, one can judge fitness, the rate of growth of results, sufficiency or insufficiency of nutrition, and signs of fatigue. The results of control exercises must also be recorded in the self-control diary. For example:

Strength exercises

1. Pull-ups from hanging on your hands on a high bar for the number of times.

2. Raising straight legs from a supine position, arms along the body for the number of times.

Speed ​​exercise

Run in place with a high hip lift for 10 seconds at maximum frequency. The number of times the knees touch the palms of the hands, bent at an angle of 90°, is counted.

Endurance exercise

Run for 6 minutes. Endurance is determined by the number of meters that can be run during this time.

Such records help determine whether physical fitness has improved over a certain period and create an exercise plan for the next period.

^ History of the Olympic Games and their significance.

The Olympic Games came to us from ancient times. It is believed that the first games were held in 776 BC. e. in the Greek city of Olympia on the banks of the Alpheus River.

During the Games in Greece, a sacred peace was declared, which was strictly observed. Only free-born Greeks could participate in the competition. Slaves and women were not allowed to compete. Participants in the Games had to train outside Olympia for 10 months in preparation for performances, then 1-2 months in Olympia. The Games program included running, chariot competition, pentathlon, fist fighting, and an art competition. The competition lasted 5 days. In 394, the Edict of Milan banned the use of the Olympic calendar and the holding of the Olympic Games.

The Olympic Games of our time were born in 1896. The French teacher and public figure Pierre de Coubertin played a major role in their revival. He believed that the ideas of the Olympic movement would breathe into humanity “the spirit of freedom, peaceful competition and physical improvement” and would promote cultural cooperation among the peoples of the planet. The Olympic Charter states that “the objects of the Olympic Movement are to promote the development of those fine physical qualities acquired through competition on the friendly fields of amateur sports and to unite the youth of the world once every four years in a great sporting festival that creates international confidence and goodwill, promotes creating a better and more united world."

^ With the help of what exercises can you effectively develop such a motor quality as endurance?

Endurance is a person’s ability to perform any work for a long time without a noticeable decrease in performance. The level of endurance is determined by the time during which a person can perform a given physical exercise. Various exercises are used to develop endurance. The most accessible means of developing endurance is running. The running speed during the first lessons should be such that you can breathe easily through your nose and you can control your breathing and movements. It is recommended to start running at a slow pace (jogging) for 3 to 5 minutes with a pulse rate of 120-130 beats/min. The duration of the run should be gradually increased and after a month of training, bring it to 10-20 minutes.

When using running to increase your endurance, you must follow certain rules:

It is best to run in the morning;

You should not strive to run at a high pace; the greatest importance for the development of endurance is a gradual increase in the total duration of the exercise over time;

If you feel very tired while running, you should gradually switch to walking;

After an illness, you can resume training only with the permission of a doctor.

A few words about how to run correctly on level ground, uphill, and downhill.

When running on a flat section of the distance, the runner's torso leans slightly forward. The length steps are natural and free. It is better to increase speed over a distance by increasing the frequency of steps, rather than their length. Your arms should be bent at approximately right angles and worked in time with your legs. Keep your hands free, slightly turned down, and your fingers gathered into a fist without much tension. The shoulders should be relaxed and lowered, and the head should be kept straight, without tension. You should breathe through your nose and half-open mouth: inhale for 2-3 steps, exhale for 3-4 steps. The exhalation should be complete.

When going uphill, the runner's torso leans forward more, the length of the step is shortened, but the frequency of movements of the legs and arms increases.

When descending a mountain, the runner's torso leans back and the stride length increases.

Endurance can be speed and strength. To develop speed endurance the following are used:

Repeated running at a distance of 60-300 m;

Repeated running of short (20-30 m) segments;

Accelerations of 20-30 m in a 2 km run performed at a moderate pace (perform 6-8 accelerations);

Acceleration on skis when covering a distance of 5-6 km (the length of acceleration segments is 300-500 m).

To develop strength endurance, it is necessary to repeatedly perform exercises that require maximum muscle tension. Such exercises include:

Rope climbing 3-5 times without using legs;

Pull-ups on the bar 8-12 times (3-4 sets);

Lifting a 16 kg weight (press) with the right and left hand or two weights at the same time with both hands;

Lifting a barbell weighing 25-35 kg while lying on your back.

^ What effect do physical exercises have on the human cardiovascular system? State two or three options and demonstrate one of them.

Physical education sessions have a beneficial effect on the restoration of mental capacity, relieve static loads, and prevent the increase in fatigue. When carried out regularly, the heart of the practitioner becomes more resilient and trained. This is reflected in an increase in the amount of blood thrown into the vascular system with each contraction. This work of the heart makes it easier to cope with high loads. Performing physical exercises should be considered as an important component of the motor regimen of the day, ensuring sufficient physical activity.

Approximate complexes

physical exercises,

performed during physical education minutes,

for graduates of 11-12 grades

Complex 1 (performed in a thread)

I. p. - o. With. 1 - hands on the belt; 2 - hands up, rise on toes; 3-4 - arms through the sides down; 5 - lunge forward with your right foot, arms forward; 6 - i. P.; 7 - lunge forward with your left foot, arms forward; 8 - i. P.; 9 - tilt of the body back; 10 - i. P.; 11 - tilt of the body to the right, arms up; 12 - i. P.; 13 - tilt to the left, arms up; 14 - i. P.; 15 - crouching emphasis; 16 - i. p. The complex should be repeated 2-3 times in a row.

Complex 2

1. I. p. - hands on the belt. 1 - turn the body to the left, arms up; 2 - i. P.; 3-4 - the same to the right.

2. I. p. - hands behind the head. 1 - body tilt to the right; 2 - tilt back; 3 - tilt to the left; 4 - i. P.

3. I. p. - o. With. 1 - squat, hands behind your back; 2 - i. P.; 3 - squat, arms up; 4 - i. P.

4. Walking with 90° turns.

^ General safety requirements when conducting classes in the gym.

Working out in gyms has become a common occurrence for many people. By selectively influencing certain muscle groups, exercise machines help to significantly tighten the training cycle and reduce the time required to acquire the necessary motor skills and abilities by 2-3 times. They are also effective when a person leading a sedentary lifestyle needs to restore strength and give the necessary load to usually inactive muscles. Exercising on exercise machines is an excellent means of preventing physical inactivity and hypokinesia. When exercising on exercise machines, there is a risk of injury due to their malfunction and improper installation (fastening), as well as violation of the rules for their use. General safety requirements when conducting exercise in the gym are as follows:

To obtain access to classes, you must obtain permission from a doctor and undergo instructions on the use of simulators;

Participants must comply with the rules for using exercise equipment, established training and rest schedules;

You should exercise in the gym in the prescribed sportswear and shoes;

All exercise equipment used must be provided with safety instructions;

The gym must be equipped with a first aid kit.

^What is the purpose of motor fitness testing? What tests are used to determine the development of strength, endurance, and speed?

A certain system of control exercises used to test motor readiness is called testing. This system helps to identify the level of development of individual motor qualities and assess the degree of technical and tactical preparedness of athletes. With the help of testing, candidates are selected for practicing a particular sport and for participation in competitions, and objective monitoring of the quality of training is carried out. Taking into account the test results, managers and students determine teaching methods and forms of organizing classes, and draw up the most reasonable individual and group training plans.

Assessment of students' motor readiness and its dynamics throughout the school year is usually carried out on the basis of control tests, including tests developed by the Institute of Physiology of Children and Adolescents of the Russian Academy of Education and the Russian Research Institute of Physical Culture.

Test to assess speed: running in place at maximum pace for 15 seconds. Control over the height of raising the knees to an angle of 90° is provided by a limiter. The number of running steps (movements) is taken into account.

Test to assess strength development: hanging pull-up with an overhand grip on a high bar. For the number of times. At the command “Start exercise!” Pull up to chin level and lower onto straight arms. The exercise is performed smoothly, without jerking. When arching the body or bending the legs at the knees, the attempt is not counted. The number of correct executions counts.

Endurance test: 3000m cross-country cross-country

^ What are the features of organizing and conducting hardening procedures in the autumn season? Base your story on your own example.

Hardening is a systematic training of the body's thermoregulatory mechanisms with sunlight, air and water of various temperatures. In the autumn season, when the sun shines but does not warm, as in the middle of summer, it rains more often and the air temperature drops every day, hardening with air baths is most suitable for most people. This widely available remedy has a beneficial effect on the entire body. It increases the tone of the central nervous system, improves blood supply to tissues, and increases resistance to colds. Air baths can be taken outdoors and indoors, but it is best to combine them with morning hygienic exercises (exercises) and night sleep with the window open. Educational and training sessions should also be used for air hardening (you should dress lightly and expose your body at the first opportunity). The use of air baths requires compliance with certain rules:

They are taken no later than 1 hour before meals and no earlier than 1.5 hours after meals (they cannot be taken on an empty stomach);

They can be taken at almost any time of the day, but the optimal period is from 7 to 18 hours;

The place for taking air baths should be protected from strong winds;

During air baths, you need to monitor your well-being. Signals of an adverse effect on the body are: with warm air baths - sharp redness of the skin and profuse sweating, with cold and cool ones - “goose bumps” and chills. In these cases, the air bath stops.

The dosing of air baths in time is selected individually depending on the air temperature.

^ General safety requirements when conducting athletics classes.

Athletics combines various types of physical exercises with stereotypical (repeated in an unchanged form), cyclic (race walking, running), acyclic (throwing, jumping) and mixed movements (cross-country, hurdling). In all types of athletics, the ankle and knee joints are most susceptible to injury. Sprains and ruptures of the ligament apparatus, tears and ruptures of tendons (Achilles tendon, head of the biceps brachii muscle) are especially common; muscle injuries (back, back of the thigh) are less common. In addition, during general starts at cross-country distances, acute physical overstrain of the cardiovascular system is possible. Sometimes there is a so-called gravitational shock - a short-term loss of consciousness as a result of a sudden stop after intense running.

To avoid injury during athletics, follow these safety guidelines:

1. Class locations should be kept in order at all times. Timely repair of running tracks and athletics sectors. In winter, clear them of snow, and in case of icing, sprinkle with table salt (sand, ash). In hot weather, rubber-bitumen and synthetic paths must be moistened with water.

2. Before classes, it is necessary to check the serviceability of inventory and equipment, the condition

Safety precautions in gymnastics physical education lessons

Students are allowed to take classes:

classified for health reasons into the main and preparatory medical groups;

have undergone safety training;

having sports shoes and a uniform that does not restrict movement and corresponds to the topic and conditions of the classes.

The student must:

have short-cropped nails;

enter the gym, take sports equipment and perform exercises with the permission of the teacher;

treat sports equipment and equipment with care and do not use it for other purposes;

know and follow these instructions.

Gymnastic apparatus must be securely fastened, and their metal supports must be covered with mats. Remember that when performing exercises on apparatus, safety largely depends on their serviceability:

Mats must be without tears and placed in places where there are slips and likely falls;

The rope should not have rips or knots;

The log must have a smooth surface without burrs, cracks, or roughness and be installed at a height appropriate to the age characteristics of those involved;

The bars of the beams must be dry and smooth, without cracks;

The crossbar should be smooth, without rust and magnesium deposits;

The surface of the gymnastics pommel horse must be smooth, dry, and without rips.

Do not exercise if you have fresh calluses on your hands.

When performing exercises in a stream (one after another), maintain sufficient interval and distance. Do not perform complex elements without insurance if you are not confident in their performance.

The student must know and follow instructions when practicing gymnastics. For failure to comply with security measures, a student may not be allowed or suspended from participating in the educational process.

II. Safety requirements before starting classes

The student must:

change clothes in the locker room, put on sportswear and shoes;

remove items that pose a danger to other students (earrings, bracelets, watches, etc.);

remove sharp and other foreign objects from the pockets of the sports uniform;

under the guidance of the teacher, prepare the inventory and equipment necessary for conducting the lesson;

at the teacher’s command, stand in line for a general formation.

Be careful when moving and installing gymnastic equipment.

Do not carry or transport heavy gymnastic equipment without special carts and devices.

When carrying the mats, hold on to the special handles on the side, two people on each side. When laying, make sure that their surface is smooth and does not bunch up, there are no gaps, and there are no overlapping edges of the mat on another. The entire area around the log is covered with mats in one layer, and in the landing area - in two layers.

On the vault, at the landing site, lay mats in two layers, at least five meters long.

Working together to change the height of the beams, loosen the screws and lift both ends at the same time, holding onto the pole and not the metal support. The width between the poles should not exceed shoulder width.

Set the height of the crossbar in the position when it lies on the floor.

Good strength of braces and fastenings should ensure the stability of the projectile. Do not stand under the crossbar while installing it.

When installing jumping apparatus, extend the legs alternately on each side, after tilting the apparatus.

III. Safety requirements during classes

The student must:

Every time before performing an exercise, check the fastening of the locking screws;

wipe your hands dry, use magnesium;

perform complex elements and exercises with insurance;

when performing jumps and dismounts, land softly on your toes, squatting springily;

If you experience pain in your hands, redness of the skin, or water blisters on your palms during class, stop the class and notify the teacher;

move from projectile to projectile in an organized manner, according to a general command, in the manner indicated by the teacher.

Do not stand close to the apparatus while other students are performing the exercise, do not distract or interfere with them.

Climb and descend from the rope in the manner indicated by the teacher. Do not swing the rope on which the student is performing the exercise. Do not use it for other purposes.

Before performing the exercise on the balance beam, learn it and achieve confident performance on the floor or gymnastics bench.

When performing an exercise on the crossbar, you must remember that inaccuracy in performing the exercise or an insufficiently good grip leads to a breakdown and fall.

Before performing a vault, install a gymnastic bridge from the apparatus at a distance depending on your capabilities, abilities and preparedness. Do not start the exercise if there is interference during the run-up or landing area. When performing a vault for other students, do not run over the run-up area. Belay while standing behind the apparatus.

Perform floor and acrobatic exercises on mats or carpet. Before performing the exercise, make sure that there are no foreign objects or students on the carpet or mats that could interfere with the task. While doing the exercises, do not run out onto the mat or disturb others.

IV. Safety requirements in case of accidents and extreme situations

The student must:

If you are injured or feel unwell, stop classes and notify your physical education teacher;

with the help of the teacher, provide first aid to the injured person, if necessary, take him to the hospital or call an ambulance;

if a fire occurs in the gym, immediately stop the lesson, leave the place of the lesson in an organized manner, under the guidance of the teacher, through emergency exits in accordance with the evacuation plan;

by order of the teacher, notify the administration of the educational institution and report the fire to the fire department.

V. Safety requirements at the end of classes

The student must:

under the guidance of the teacher, remove sports equipment to its storage areas;

leave the location of the lesson in an orderly manner;

change clothes in the locker room, take off your tracksuit and sports shoes;

wash your hands with soap.

Students are allowed to take classes:

• classified for health reasons into the main and preparatory medical groups;
• have undergone safety training;
• having sports shoes and a uniform that does not restrict movement and corresponds to the topic and conditions of the classes.

The student must:

• have short-cropped nails;
• enter the gym, take sports equipment and perform exercises with the permission of the teacher;
• treat sports equipment and equipment with care and do not use it for other purposes;
• know and follow these instructions.

Gymnastic apparatus must be securely fastened, and their metal supports must be covered with mats. Remember that when performing exercises on apparatus, safety largely depends on their serviceability:

• mats should be without tears and placed in places where there are slips and likely falls;

• the rope should not have any breaks or knots;
• the log must have a smooth surface without burrs, cracks, or roughness and be installed at a height appropriate to the age characteristics of those involved;
• the poles of the beams must be dry and smooth, without cracks;
• the crossbar must be smooth, without rust and magnesium deposits;
• The surface of the pommel horse must be smooth, dry, and without tears.

Do not exercise if you have fresh calluses on your hands.

When performing exercises in a stream (one after another), maintain sufficient interval and distance. Do not perform complex elements without insurance if you are not confident in their performance.

The student must know and follow instructions when practicing gymnastics. For failure to comply with security measures, a student may not be allowed or suspended from participating in the educational process.

II. Safety requirements before starting classes

The student must:

• change clothes in the locker room, put on sportswear and shoes;
• remove items that pose a danger to other students (earrings, bracelets, watches, etc.);
• remove sharp and other foreign objects from the pockets of the sports uniform;
• under the guidance of the teacher, prepare the inventory and equipment necessary for conducting the lesson;
• at the teacher’s command, stand in line for a general formation.

Be careful when moving and installing gymnastic equipment.
Do not carry or transport heavy gymnastic equipment without special carts and devices.
When carrying the mats, hold on to the special handles on the side, two people on each side. When laying, make sure that their surface is smooth and does not bunch up, there are no gaps, and there are no overlapping edges of the mat on another. The entire area around the log is covered with mats in one layer, and in the landing area - in two layers.
On the vault, at the landing site, lay mats in two layers, at least five meters long.
Working together to change the height of the beams, loosen the screws and lift both ends at the same time, holding onto the pole and not the metal support. The width between the poles should not exceed shoulder width.
Set the height of the crossbar in the position when it lies on the floor.
Good strength of braces and fastenings should ensure the stability of the projectile. Do not stand under the crossbar while installing it.
When installing jumping apparatus, extend the legs alternately on each side, after tilting the apparatus.

III. Safety requirements during classes

The student must:

• Every time before performing an exercise, check the fastening of the locking screws;
• wipe your hands dry, use magnesium;
• perform complex elements and exercises with insurance;
• when performing jumps and dismounts, land softly on your toes, squatting springily;
• If you experience pain in your hands, redness of the skin, or water blisters on your palms during class, stop the class and notify the teacher;
• move from projectile to projectile in an organized manner, according to a general command, in the manner indicated by the teacher.

Do not stand close to the apparatus while other students are performing the exercise, do not distract or interfere with them.
Climb and descend from the rope in the manner indicated by the teacher. Do not swing the rope on which the student is performing the exercise. Do not use it for other purposes.
Before performing the exercise on the balance beam, learn it and achieve confident performance on the floor or gymnastics bench.
When performing an exercise on the crossbar, you must remember that inaccuracy in performing the exercise or an insufficiently good grip leads to a breakdown and fall.
Before performing a vault, install a gymnastic bridge from the apparatus at a distance depending on your capabilities, abilities and preparedness. Do not start the exercise if there is interference during the run-up or landing area. When performing a vault for other students, do not run over the run-up area. Belay while standing behind the apparatus.
Perform floor and acrobatic exercises on mats or carpet. Before performing the exercise, make sure that there are no foreign objects or students on the carpet or mats that could interfere with the task. While doing the exercises, do not run out onto the mat or disturb others.

IV. Safety requirements in case of accidents and extreme situations

The student must:

• If you are injured or feel unwell, stop classes and notify your physical education teacher;
• with the help of the teacher, provide first aid to the injured person, if necessary, take him to the hospital or call an ambulance;
• if a fire occurs in the gym, immediately stop the lesson, leave the place of the lesson in an organized manner, under the guidance of the teacher, through emergency exits in accordance with the evacuation plan;
• by order of the teacher, notify the administration of the educational institution and report the fire to the fire department.

V. Safety requirements at the end of classes

The student must:

• under the guidance of the teacher, remove sports equipment to its storage areas;
• leave the location of the lesson in an orderly manner;
• change clothes in the locker room, take off your tracksuit and sports shoes;
• wash your hands with soap.

Gymnastics Safety Rules

Acrobatics and wrestling section

A student who has failed to comply or violation of these rules held accountable and re-instructed. In the event of a repeated violation, he may be suspended from training for up to one week. And in case of a malicious violation, he is expelled from the trainees.

For training you need:

1. Have replacement shoes in order to walk from the locker room to the hall. In the hall, leave it neatly placed under the benches along the wall.

2. Enter the hall only in sportswear.

3. Form should be without zippers, buttons, fasteners and other hard or interfering elements, fit the body, and not have wide pockets or protruding patches; The appearance of clothing should be clean and tidy. The T-shirt or tank top must be tucked in so that it does not wrap around the belayer’s arm or fall onto the face during flips.

4. Uniform for boys: T-shirt or sports jersey, sports pants or shorts (above the knee), a change of socks.

5. Uniform for girls: T-shirt, swimsuit or short gymnastics tights, cycling shorts, leggings or shorts (above the knee), replacement socks.

6. Before training, remove watches, chains, rings, bracelets, earrings and other hard or interfering objects.

7. Carefully refers to sports equipment, equipment of halls and other premises of the Children's Sports Center and the Russian State University of Physical Culture and Sports, maintaining cleanliness and order in the locker rooms and utility rooms.

8. Respectful to all members of the group, the staff of the Southern Izmailovo Children's Center and the Russian State University of Physical Culture and Technology, trainers and all teachers working in the hall.

9. It is forbidden to be in the gym if there is no trainer there. The hall is a place of increased danger.

10.

11. When missing class notify the coach in advance and report the reason (you can via SMS message).

12. Before entering the hall, look around and make sure that you do not interfere with the progress of the training.

13. Do not use deodorants, eau de toilette, perfume with a strong smell and staining cosmetics .

14. Don't leave it in locker rooms valuables.

15. Students need to know fire safety rules and a building evacuation plan. If an electrical equipment malfunction is detected, you should immediately notify the trainer.

16. In the event of a fire, heavy smoke, or a complete power outage in the dark, you must stop classes and leave the premises in accordance with the evacuation plan.

During training it is necessary:

17. Contact the trainer and all teachers working in hall on you, by name and patronymic.

18. Execute accurately and on time trainer instructions .

19. Qualitatively warm up .

20. If you feel unwell, inform your coach.

21. When doing exercises in a group maintain distance and intervals, necessary to prevent a collision even if the exercise is performed incorrectly (falling, stopping, returning to the starting position, etc.) by any of the group members.

22. For execution difficult exercises place gymnastic mats in the landing zone and ask the coach to provide insurance.

23. Master self-insurance techniques, pass a test to the trainer and be able to apply them in practice.

24. Do extra exercises to strengthen neck muscles and backs.

25. To do exercises only those suggested by the trainer or with the permission of the coach.

26. on shells, check their condition, place mats in areas of possible fall.

27. It is forbidden to shout and To talk loudly .

28. It is prohibited to be distracted or distract others while performing an exercise or belay.

29. It is prohibited to run from one place of study to another.

30. It is prohibited to perform complex acrobatic exercises without insurance .

31. It is prohibited to be in the landing zone or possible fall of the person performing the exercise.

32. Before starting the exercises on equipment and simulators, it is necessary to check their technical serviceability, and if a malfunction is detected, inform the coach. Place safety mats in areas of possible fall.

33. It is prohibited to be on shells together.

34. In the event of an accident or injury, the victim or an eyewitness to the incident must immediately notify the coach or any teacher present in the hall so that immediate measures can be taken to provide first aid.

35. Execute only in the same direction as others doing, along the midline, without deviating from it.

36. Perform in turns, to increase the intervals in a checkerboard pattern, wait until the person walking in front of you clears the exercise area.

37.

38. Return along the edges of the hall or along the same line, depending on the instructions of the coach, without interfering with other members of the group.

39. Execute only in the same direction as others practicing along the midline, without deviating from it.

40. You will be free before performing the exercise.

41. It is forbidden to return diagonally, only along the edges of the hall without interfering with other members of the group.

42. Execute only in the direction from the runway, along the midline, without approaching the edge.

43. Before performing the exercise, make sure that the run-up and landing areas are clear.

44. It is prohibited to return to the runway area on the tumbling track.

45. Execute only with permission trainer.

46. Before performing the exercises, put on the front and back trampoline edges gymnastic mats.

47. only one person .

48. Exercises are prohibited on the edge of the trampoline .

49. On a trampoline you can only perform suggested by the coach exercises.

50. It is forbidden to jump off the trampoline on a hard floor .

51. When getting off the trampoline, make sure that the landing area is clear and that the part of the frame through which you will get off is securely covered with mats.

52. Before performing the exercise, make sure that mini tramp is securely installed: Does not wobble or slide.

53. Make sure the projectile is securely attached to the floor with a lanyard .

54. to the landing zone and to the frame mini trampoline gymnastic mats.

55. Make sure the takeoff and landing areas are will be free .

56.

57. Execute only with permission trainer.

58. Before doing the exercises secure the edges balloon so that during jumping its edges do not come off and do not slide.

59. When leaving the cylinder, make sure that landing zone will be free.

60. Before performing the exercise, make sure that the mini-trampoline or bridge is securely installed: it does not swing or slide.

61. To perform the exercises, put to the landing zone gymnastic mats.

62. Make sure the takeoff and landing areas are will be free .

63. Return to the starting position at a distance of two meters from the edge of the runway, without interfering with other members of the group.

64. You can be on the trampoline at the same time only one person .

65. For that, to put on or take off the lounge it is necessary to loosen the tension of the rubber until it hangs. Ask a partner or trainer to help adjust the tension.

66. While doing the exercises, keep an eye on to prevent the rubber from twisting, if it twists strongly, turn around and perform the exercise in the other direction.

67. Make sure that the tire tension is identical on each side .

68. Stop exercising on the auxiliary bench if headache.

69. At the end of the exercises remove the safety belt, hang a special weight instead of it and raise the lounge.

At the end of classes, you should put the sports equipment in the designated place and put in order training area and locker room.

The student should not smoke (book by Allen Carr: “The Easy Way to Quit Smoking”) and engage in other bad habits (lecture by Zhdanov: “Alcohol terror”), incompatible with acrobatics. Maintain hygiene and sports regime. The acrobat must value your health and the health of others, be an adherent of a healthy lifestyle (book by Allen Carr: “The Easy Way to Lose Weight”).

RULES FOR ADMISSION TO SDYUSSHOR No. 42

IN sports school “Sdyusshor 42” accepts children aged 7 to 18 years.

To enroll you must provide:

Student personal card application (issued by the coach)

Agreement in two copies (issued by the trainer)

Copy of birth certificate or passport

Copy of health insurance policy

Certificate from a doctor (admission to classes)

2 photographs (3.5 x 4.5 color on a white background, signed on the back)

SAFETY TECHNOLOGY FOR WORKERS DEPARTMENT OF RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS

1. The following are allowed to participate in classes:

Girls aged 4 years and older who have a doctor’s certificate indicating the main health group and admission to rhythmic gymnastics. And also those who have passed a medical commission at a physical education and sports dispensary (for educational and training groups).

2. Students must comply with the following standards of behavior:

• come to the training room 10-15 minutes before the start of classes, with a change of shoes.
• Changing into sportswear is permitted only in specially designated areas (locker rooms).
• do not leave valuables in the locker rooms.
• Before training, you must remove watches, chains, rings, bracelets, and other hard or interfering objects. Participants should wear clean, neat sportswear that allows them to freely perform various motor actions. The uniform should be without zippers, buttons, fasteners and other hard or interfering elements, and should fit the body.
• When moving from the locker room to the gym, you must calmly follow the teacher, not falling behind or overtaking the group and coach. All items must be in the backpack. Replaceable shoes must have non-slip soles.
• Entrance to the gym is possible only with the presence of a trainer-teacher or choreographer. It is forbidden to be in the gym if there is no trainer there. The hall is a place of increased danger.
• If you are late or arrive early, enter the gym only with the permission of the coach.
• It is not allowed to attend classes if you are physically ill, overworked, injured or have various diseases. In case of injury or physical illness, notify the teacher of the reason for the impossibility of attending class. Afterwards, provide a medical certificate indicating the diagnosis and permission to attend classes.
• Take care of sports equipment, equipment of halls and other premises, maintain cleanliness and order in locker rooms and utility rooms.
• Treat all group members, staff, and coaches working at the sports and recreation center or school with respect.

3. When conducting classes:

• Those involved must know fire safety rules.
• Students must comply with all the requirements and commands of the teacher.
• Students are prohibited from performing various physical and technical actions without instructions from the teacher.
• Without the permission of the teacher, students do not have the right to leave the gym on their own.
• participants must respect their classmates and deliberately not cause them moral and physical harm.
• When performing paired physical and technical actions, those practicing must be attentive to their partner, as well as to themselves, in order to avoid physical injuries.
• When performing exercises in a group, maintain the distance and intervals necessary to prevent a collision even in the event of an incorrect exercise (falling, stopping, returning to the starting position, etc.) by any of the group members.
• It is forbidden to shout or talk loudly.
• It is prohibited to be distracted or distract others while performing an exercise or belay.
• It is prohibited to run from one place of study to another.
• In case of an accident In case of injury, the victim or an eyewitness to the incident must immediately notify the coach or any teacher present in the hall about this in order to take immediate measures to provide first aid.

4. In the event of an emergency:

• Students must follow all instructions of the teacher, and if it is impossible to receive such instructions, follow the instructions of the group leader or other responsible person.
• If it is impossible to receive instructions from responsible persons, each student must, independently or with a group of people, take all possible measures and efforts in order to preserve his life and health.

5. End of classes.

At the end of classes, you should put sports equipment in the designated area and tidy up the training area and locker room.

6. To parents.

• Parents or other persons should not bring the child long before the start of classes, and especially not leave him alone in the hall of the sports center or school.
• please bring your child directly to the entrance to the sports complex or school.
• It is not allowed to bring a child to classes if there are physical ailments, overwork, injuries or various diseases.
• In case of injuries or physical illnesses, notify the teacher in advance about the reason for the impossibility of attending classes. Afterwards, provide a medical certificate indicating the diagnosis and permission to attend classes.
• If a child receives an injury immediately before, during or after classes (while at the location of the classes (recreational center or school)) after examination by the coach and nurse, if necessary, an ambulance will be called, and the parents of the student will be immediately notified. In case of refusal of medical care, the parent must write a note of refusal.
• If in the future professional medical assistance is needed, it is necessary to immediately notify the trainer. After recovery, you must provide a certificate with the diagnosis from the emergency room, as well as a certificate with the doctor’s permission to attend classes. We kindly ask parents to periodically inform the coach about the child’s condition.

After reading all of the above, you must sign the briefing log. The journal is kept by Fok's administrators. Parents sign for children under 14 years of age.

Internal regulations in FOC at the address:

INFORMATION ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

(for trainers, teachers, students, parents and FOC staff).

In order to optimize the use of a sports facility for organizing and conducting the educational and training process, as well as creating conditions for access control in a sports facility, strict compliance with the following requirements will minimize organizational difficulties associated with a large number of students simultaneously studying in school departments:

1. Conduct educational and training sessions in accordance with the schedule approved by the school administration;

2. The beginning of the group’s training session is considered to be the entry of students into the locker room;

3. The end of the group’s training session is considered to be the students leaving the locker room;

4. Trainers and teachers of departments should finish the group’s training session 15 minutes before the end of the time allocated by the schedule, in order to have an organized exit from the gym to the locker room (the end time of the lesson may be increased, depending on the age of the students and their organization);

5. The presence in the locker rooms of groups that have completed classes and are preparing for classes FORBIDDEN!

6. Parents of younger students - up to 7 years old inclusive - may be in the locker rooms to assist students before the start of the lesson and at the end of it, with the permission of the coach;

7. Parents waiting for the end of the training session in the hall of the sports and recreation center FORBIDDEN with the exception of people with disabilities and the elderly. This requirement is related to the need to perform sanitary and hygienic cleaning of the premises;

8. The presence of parents in the gyms of the facility during educational and training sessions is strictly prohibited.

Safety in gymnastics lessons

Safety in gymnastics lessons

Students performing certain exercises (especially on gymnastic apparatus and vaults) are associated with a certain risk. Failure to comply with safety precautions and awkward movements may result in falls from equipment (crossbar, parallel bars, balance beam, gymnastic ladder, etc.), resulting in injuries.

Typical injuries:
abrasions, abrasions and calluses;
bruises and sprains of the ligamentous apparatus of the wrist, elbow, shoulder, knee and ankle joints;
ruptures of the Achilles tendon and triceps surae muscle;
head bruises are possible.
Safety precautions
1. Choose the right places for training and place equipment in the hall, placing them at a sufficient distance from the walls and from each other. You cannot place the equipment so that students perform the exercise facing a bright light. Students should clearly see the projectile and the place of dismount. The equipment must be covered with gymnastic mats, taking into account the landing sites after dismounts and possible breakdowns and falls. It is advisable to lay two layers of mats in landing areas. Lay gymnastic mats like this. so that there are no gaps between them, and the landing occurs in the middle of one of them.
2. When preparing for parallel bars exercises, you first need to check the height of the bars. To do this, support the pole (not the liners) with one hand, and, with the other, unscrew the locking screw, press the latch spring. If you do this together, then one student should hold the poles and change their height, and the other should unscrew and tighten the locking screws. The height of the poles is usually set at both ends simultaneously, and standing under them is prohibited.
3. When installing the crossbar and bars of different heights, special attention must be paid to the vertical position of the racks and the uniform tension of the cables at the bar of the crossbar or at the poles of the bars, so that they do not overlap. When attaching to hooks on the floor (frogs), it is necessary to ensure that the chain link has been previously released and the guy ropes have been tightened securely. To check the correct installation of the projectiles, you need to grab the cables and pull them strongly toward and away from you: the crossbar and bars must be in a strictly vertical and stable position. Before starting the lesson, you should wipe the bar of the crossbar with a dry rag and sand it with fine sandpaper.
4. At least once a school year, it is necessary to carefully inspect suspended equipment (rope, pole, rings) and gymnastic walls. Especially often and carefully you should check the reliability of fastening the projectiles. Ropes, poles, gymnastic walls must be strong and securely attached to the ceiling or wall. Thread breaks and knots are not allowed on ropes. The poles and slats of the gymnastic wall must be smooth and free of cracks and chips.
5. In the preparatory part of the lesson, when performing general developmental exercises, especially with objects, it is necessary to indicate the appropriate distances and intervals so that students do not touch each other, which can lead to bruises. The warm-up should include preparatory exercises of directed influence.
To prepare the wrist joint, rotational movements of the hand are used; jumping and moving on hands while lying down; from a standing position, bent over, fall forward into a lying position.
The ankle joint is prepared by rotating the foot; raising on toes with springy swaying, etc.
To prepare the elbow and shoulder joints, perform: rotational and jerking movements; flexion and extension of the arms. It is effective to perform these exercises using gymnastic sticks and weights, such as dumbbells.
Preparation between the vertebral joints includes: bending and deep bending; various turns and rotations.
When performing flexibility exercises, it is necessary to take into account the level of physical fitness of the participants, since some exercises (for example, splits) can cause damage to the muscular-ligamentous apparatus.
6. In the main part of the lesson, assistance and insurance are important for safety. Assistance in gymnastics is facilitating the student’s actions when performing exercises. It helps students develop a correct understanding of the exercise and master the technique of performing it; used when students have insufficient development of muscle strength, coordination abilities, and speed.
The following help options are available:
guiding – the actions of the physical education teacher accompany the student throughout the entire exercise or its individual part, phase;
fixation – the teacher delays the student at a certain point of movement;
pushing – short-term assistance when moving a student from bottom to top;
support – short-term assistance when moving a student from top to bottom;
twist – short-term assistance to the student when performing turns;
combined assistance - the use of various techniques applied simultaneously and sequentially.
Help, as a rule, is provided at the initial stage of learning a new exercise. As you master the technique of performing the exercise, direct assistance is replaced by insurance, which allows you to solve the problems of psychological preparation of those involved (overcoming fear), as well as avoid injury.

Insurance is the provision of safety when performing exercises, carried out by the physical education teacher or class students. Depending on the complexity of the exercise, one person or several people at the same time belay. You cannot put students who are not prepared for this on insurance.
All those involved should be trained not only in assistance and insurance techniques, but also in self-insurance so that they can independently get out of dangerous situations.

Self-insurance is pre-learned safety techniques used by the practitioner himself to prevent injuries. For example, you can prevent falling from the apparatus by timely stopping the movement, jumping off the apparatus, performing additional movements (bending the arms, legs, torso to slow down the inertial movement), and changing the exercise.

It is very important to learn how to land correctly when falling: when falling backwards, you need to sit down, bend over and roll backwards; when falling forward, roll forward or fall flat while lying down, elastically bending your arms.

The person standing on the belay must choose the right place to provide the belay and, without interfering with the exercise, skillfully use different belay techniques. So, when performing exercises on the uneven bars, you cannot keep your hands above the poles in the path of the student’s movements. On the crossbar, rings and parallel bars of different heights, belay is performed either by standing exactly under the projectile, or by moving slightly as the swing progresses. It is especially necessary to belay students while performing a dismount (the belayer must be located directly near the landing site). When performing vaults on a horse (goat), belay standing directly at the landing site, supporting the student by the hand.

Occupational health and safety at school

Labor protection instructions
for students during gymnastics classes

• vaults over a horse or goat;
• exercises on the horizontal bar;
• exercises on parallel bars;
• balance beam exercises;
• rope climbing;
• wall bars exercises.

1.3. Students are admitted to gymnastics lessons of the main medical group, having studied safety instructions for students when conducting gymnastics classes. Classes are held in the hall.
1.4. Students attend lessons in sportswear and shoes of the established type, taking into account all sanitary and hygienic requirements and standards, as well as the specifics of the gymnastics lesson.
1.5. Students who are not allowed to attend classes due to lack of proper sports uniform, illness, poor health, etc., are present in the hall in replaceable shoes.
The lesson begins and ends at the bell according to the schedule.

3. Safety requirements during gymnastics classes for students
3.1. During gymnastics lessons, students perform program exercises and pass educational standards, according to which they receive current, final and quarter grades.
3.2. In the preparatory part of the lesson, students receive information about the safe organization of classes, techniques and methods for safely performing exercises and sports tasks.
3.3. When working with gymnastic equipment, students must adhere to the following requirements:
Comply with: the requirements of labor protection instructions during physical education classes;

• place gymnastic mats in the places where the apparatus dismount;
• When laying mats, ensure that their surface is level;
• when performing dismounts from apparatus, land softly, on your toes, squatting springily;
• do not perform exercises without insurance;
• do not perform exercises with wet palms or with fresh calluses;
• Do not practice on faulty or dirty equipment.

• firmly install the projectile, check its serviceability;
• lay the mat evenly at the site of the dismount;
• check the serviceability of the bridge;
• Do not perform exercises without insurance.

• place a gymnastic mat in the place of the dismount;
• go down the rope correctly;
• If the skin becomes red or abrasions appear on the palms, stop doing the exercise;
• Do not stand close to the apparatus while other students are performing the exercise.

• in the places where the apparatus comes off, lay the gymnastic mat flat;
• lay gymnastic mats closely around the apparatus;
• do not perform complex acrobatic exercises without insurance;
• set the width correctly, taking into account individual data (the width should be approximately equal to the width of the forearm);
• changing the height of the bars, loosen the screws, lift both ends of the poles at the same time; When raising and lowering poles, hold onto the pole, but not the metal support of the pole;
• Every time before performing exercises, check that the support screws are secure.

• Two students cannot be on the same wall at the same time;
• you cannot jump from the projectile; you should go down to the bottom;
• Do not perform exercises with wet palms or with fresh calluses.

• lay gymnastic mats along the entire apparatus and at the place of dismount;
• It is forbidden for two participants to be on the apparatus at the same time;
• perform the exercise only with insurance.

3.4. If a malfunction of the sports equipment is detected, you should stop performing the exercise on it and immediately inform the physical education teacher.
3.5. Students perform exercises on sports equipment under the supervision of a physical education teacher.
3.6. During the learning process, students master the rules of insurance and self-insurance.
Self-insurance lies in the student’s ability to:
a) promptly stop performing the exercise at the moment when the student feels that he may fall or fall off the apparatus;
b) the ability to perform an exercise with sufficient amplitude, in the right direction and with the necessary position of the body (its parts), in such a way as to avoid bruises, falls, and injuries;
The ability to self-insure improves as the movement is studied with the targeted assistance of a physical education teacher.

4. Safety requirements at the end of gymnastics classes
4.1. At the command of the physical education teacher, the students line up in an orderly manner.
4.2. After summing up the results, reporting grades, homework, students leave the gym in formation and go to the locker rooms, avoiding clashes.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations during gymnastics classes
5.1. During work, prevent the occurrence of emergency situations:

• do not smoke in sports premises, locker rooms, gyms, choreography rooms;
• do not bring toxic substances or spray them in locker rooms, sports facilities, or on school grounds;
• do not bring explosive substances;
• do not leave the lesson without permission;
• do not stay in the locker rooms during the lesson;
• in case of an emergency, follow the instructions of the physical education teacher.

When conducting athletics classes, students must be familiar with the labor safety instructions for athletics.

The instructions were developed by: __________ (________________)

AGREED
Head of the OT service (OT specialist or engineer) _________ Oranko L.K.
"___"__________20__

Have read the instructions:
"___"_____20___ __________ (_______________________)

Safety precautions during gymnastics classes

1. General safety requirements
1.1. Children of preschool age and students from the 1st grade who have undergone occupational safety instructions, a medical examination and have no contraindications for health reasons are allowed to participate in gymnastics classes.
1.2. When conducting gymnastics classes, follow the rules of conduct, the schedule of training sessions, and the established schedules of classes and rest.
1.3. When conducting gymnastics classes, students may be exposed to the following dangerous factors:
- injuries when performing exercises on faulty sports equipment, as well as when performing exercises without insurance;
- injuries when performing gymnastic exercises without the use of gymnastic mats;
- injuries when performing exercises on sports equipment with wet palms, as well as on contaminated equipment.
1.4. The gym should have a first aid kit with a set of necessary medications and dressings to provide first aid for injuries.
1.5. When conducting gymnastics classes in the gym, follow fire safety rules and know the location of primary fire extinguishing equipment. The gym must be provided with two fire extinguishers.
1.6. The victim or eyewitness to the accident must immediately report the accident to the teacher (teacher, educator), who informs the administration of the institution about it. If the sports equipment malfunctions, stop exercising and inform the teacher (teacher, educator) about it.
1.7. During classes, students must follow the procedure for performing exercises and the rules of personal hygiene.
1.8. Students who fail to comply with or violate labor safety instructions are held accountable, and all students are given unscheduled instruction on labor safety.

2. Safety requirements before starting classes
2.1. Wear a tracksuit and sports shoes with non-slip soles.
2.2. Wipe the crossbar bar with a dry cloth and sand it with fine sandpaper, ventilate the gym.
2.3. Check the reliability of the fastening of the crossbar, the fastening of the supports of the pommel horse and goat, and the fastening of the locking screws of the parallel bars.
2.4. Place gymnastic mats in places where equipment comes off so that their surface is even.

3. Safety requirements during classes
3.1. Do not perform exercises on sports equipment without a teacher (teacher, educator) or his assistant, as well as without insurance.
3.2. Do not perform exercises on sports equipment with wet palms.
3.3. Do not stand close to the sports equipment when other students are performing exercises.
3.4. When performing jumps and dismounts from sports equipment, land softly on the toes of your feet, squatting springily.
3.5. When performing exercises in a stream (one after another), maintain sufficient intervals to avoid collisions.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations
4.1. If you experience pain in your hands, redness of the skin or abrasions on your palms during classes, or if you feel unwell, stop classes and inform your teacher (teacher, educator).
4.2. If a fire occurs in the gym, immediately stop classes, evacuate students from the gym, report the fire to the administration of the institution and the nearest fire department and begin to extinguish the fire using primary fire extinguishing equipment.
4.3. If an injury occurs, immediately provide first aid to the victim, inform the administration of the institution, and, if necessary, send the victim to the nearest medical facility.

5. Safety requirements at the end of classes
5.1. Place sports equipment in a designated storage area.
5.2. Wipe the crossbar bar with a dry cloth and sand it with fine sandpaper, ventilate the gym.
5.3. Take off your tracksuit and sports shoes.
5.4. Take a shower or wash your face and hands thoroughly with soap.

During classes, educational institutions are responsible for children studying and are obliged to preserve their life, health and safety. Physical education and life safety teachers are obliged to know and convey to students the causes of dangerous situations and the possibilities of avoiding them. Every school is required to conduct safety training, and teachers themselves are required to be able to provide first aid and know how to behave in a specific situation.

Typical injuries

Perhaps the most traumatic subject in the school curriculum is physical education lessons. For example, when doing gymnastics, there is a high risk of such typical injuries:

• abrasions and calluses;
• bruises of the body and head;
• tendon and muscle ruptures
• sprains in the elbows, wrists, shoulders, knees and ankles

This is only a small part of the consequences of incorrect behavior during physical education lessons. Next, we will consider the rules that guide all educational institutions before admitting students to lessons.

General requirements

Students are allowed to participate in the exercise:

1. Those who have a basic or preparatory medical group and for whom certain actions are not contraindicated for health reasons.
2. Completed safety instructions in physical education lessons for students.
3. Be sure to wear sports shoes and a workout uniform.

Long nails and loose hair are not allowed. The student must understand that it is unacceptable to be inattentive to sports equipment, to play around and deliberately push his classmates, in order to avoid injury, and it is also prohibited to take equipment without the permission of the teacher, or to perform exercises without supervision.

Safety precautions in gymnastics lessons require that gymnastics equipment meet standards, be securely fastened, and be checked frequently. Any metal supports must be covered with mats. The health of children may depend on the thoroughness of checking the hall before classes, therefore:

1. The mats must be intact, without protruding parts, and they must be placed on all possible expected places of falls or impacts.
2. The rope is checked for possible tears; if there are excess knots, they need to be removed.
3. Wooden surfaces of projectiles, for example a log, must be smooth, without roughness, chips, or burrs. Such projectiles are placed at a height suitable for the age group of students.
4. Metal surfaces, such as the crossbar, should not have rust where they come into contact with the skin.
5. Soft padded elements are also checked for cuts, tears, and voids.
6. It is forbidden to perform exercises with sports equipment if there are fresh wounds and calluses on the palms.

General safety requirements when conducting gymnastics classes in a group require performing complex elements with safety nets. Children must maintain sufficient distance to avoid hurting each other.

Student Responsibilities

Gadgets, equipment, watches, jewelry should not be on your person. Such items are handed over to the teacher or locked. Safety rules for gymnastics lessons require that before classes, students change into a special uniform and then act in an organized manner and only with the permission of the teacher.

Before performing exercises, students must wipe their hands dry and tie their shoelaces to prevent sudden jumps off the equipment. Any classes that involve jumping are performed gently and without haste, repeating the teacher’s recommendations. If you notice a deterioration in your health, injuries or other incidents, you should immediately report this to the teacher.

Also, for safety reasons, during a gymnastics lesson it is forbidden to interfere with other children doing exercises, touch the apparatus or themselves during this, or distract them. Any beam exercise must be learned on a lower base or on the floor.

Actions in emergency situations

Safety precautions in the classroom provide for timely notification of the teacher about any unusual situation. If someone feels bad or is injured, this fact cannot be hidden. The victim is given rest and a doctor is called if the injury cannot be eliminated by one’s own efforts.

In the event of a fire, you must adhere to safety precautions in gymnastics during physical education lessons for students; the instructions oblige you to stop any activity and evacuate as an organized group together with the teacher according to the appropriate plan, notify management and call the fire department.

End of class

According to safety precautions in the classroom, after completing all tasks, the student must, at the teacher’s command, remove all sports equipment to specially designated areas and leave the room in an orderly manner. After which, children wash their hands with soap and change clothes.

These are general safety recommendations for gymnastics lessons at school; more detailed instructions are available in each educational institution; as a rule, they are given to students for signature. By following simple rules, proven over years of practice, you can greatly reduce the risk of playing sports and prevent the threat of injury in advance.