Nursaetova Z.G., physical education instructor at MBDOU No. 5, Leninogorsk RT
Breathing is the most important function of the body. An important place in physical culture is occupied by special breathing exercises, which provide complete drainage of the bronchi, cleanse the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, and strengthen the respiratory muscles. Even the ancient eastern sages, the creators of various respiratory systems, attached great importance to breathing exercises. It was believed that in addition to oxygen supply, breathing also provided energy to the body. Proper breathing regulates the state of the human nervous system.
There are many known breathing exercises (according to K. P. Buteyko, A. N. Strelnikova, according to the yoga system, etc.), but mechanically following any of them is not advisable.
A person’s health, physical and mental activity largely depend on breathing, for example, breathing rate and breathing alternately through the left and right nostrils affect brain functions.
The fitness of the respiratory muscles determines a person’s physical performance and endurance: as soon as an untrained person runs a few tens of meters, he begins to breathe rapidly and feel shortness of breath due to the poor development of the respiratory muscles. Trained people do not experience shortness of breath, and their breathing quickly calms down even after prolonged physical activity.
The process of respiratory movements is carried out by the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. The diaphragm is a muscle-tendon septum that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. Its main function is to create negative pressure in the chest cavity and positive pressure in the abdominal cavity. Depending on which muscles are involved, there are four types of breathing:
- lower or “abdominal”, “diaphragmatic” (only the diaphragm is involved in respiratory movements, and the chest remains unchanged; the lower part of the lungs is mainly ventilated and the middle part is slightly ventilated);
- middle or "rib" (intercostal muscles are involved in breathing movements, the chest expands and rises slightly; the diaphragm also rises slightly);
- superior or “clavicular” (breathing is carried out only by raising the collarbones and shoulders with a stationary chest and some retraction of the diaphragm; the tops of the lungs are mainly ventilated and the middle part is slightly ventilated);
- mixed or “full yogi breathing” (combines all the above types of breathing, while all parts of the lungs are evenly ventilated).
This means that inhalation and exhalation, replacing each other, provide ventilation to the lungs, and what part of them depends on the type of breathing.
How much the lungs are filled with air is determined by the depth of inhalation and exhalation: with shallow breathing, only the tidal volume of air is used; with deep - in addition to respiratory, additional and reserve. Depending on this, the breathing rate changes.
The lungs are an organ not only of respiration, but also of excretion and regulation of body temperature. They also take part in the production of physiologically active substances involved in the process of blood clotting, metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
From all of the above, we can conclude what a huge role breathing exercises play in the hardening and healing of children and how important it is to approach this task thoughtfully and responsibly.
When developing breathing exercises complexes, we took into account:
- the effectiveness of each exercise for hardening and improving the health of children in a preschool institution;
- accessible degree of difficulty of exercises for children of different ages;
- the degree of influence of exercises on strengthening the respiratory muscles, ventilation of all parts of the lungs, development of the upper respiratory tract, etc.
In order to systematically use breathing exercises, they should be included in complexes of health-improving gymnastics and physical education classes.
To analyze the effectiveness of work, once a quarter it is necessary to introduce breathing exercises into a physical education lesson. (indoors, instead of general developmental exercises, with a reduced dosage performed).
During physical education classes, after sleep, and during morning exercises, some exercises from Eastern breathing exercises are used, for example:
- Starting position: sitting on the floor “Turkish style”, hands with palms facing each other at chest level; take a deep breath, arms slowly rise up, exhale - arms slowly lower to their original position.
- The starting position is the same. Take a deep breath - the arms slowly stretch forward, exhale - the arms slowly return to their original position.
- Starting position: main stand. Inhale - arms up, to the shoulders - hold your breath, lunge forward with outstretched arms - exhale slowly.
Approximate breathing exercises
Complex 1.
Let's listen to our breathing
Target: teach children to listen to their breathing, determine the type of breathing, its depth, frequency and, based on these signs, the state of the body.
(whatever is convenient at the moment). The muscles of the torso are relaxed.
In complete silence, children listen to their own breathing and determine:
- where the air stream enters and where it comes out;
- what part of the body moves when you inhale and exhale (stomach, chest, shoulders or all parts - wavy);
- what kind of breathing: shallow (lung) or deep;
- what is the breathing frequency: inhalation and exhalation occur frequently or calmly at a certain interval (automatic pause);
- quiet, inaudible breathing or noisy breathing.
This exercise can be done before or after physical activity, so that children learn to determine the state of the whole body by breathing.
Target: teach children to relax and restore the body after physical activity and emotional excitement; regulate the breathing process, concentrate attention on it in order to control the relaxation of your body and psyche.
Starting position - standing, sitting, lying down (this depends on previous physical activity). If you are sitting with your back straight, it is better to close your eyes.
Inhale slowly through your nose. When the chest begins to expand, stop inhaling and pause as long as you can. Then exhale smoothly through the nose (repeat 5-10 times).
The exercise is performed silently, smoothly, so that even a palm placed to the nose does not feel the stream of air when exhaling.
Breathe through one nostril
Target: teach children to strengthen the muscles of the respiratory system, nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract.
Starting position - sitting, standing, the torso is straightened, but not tense.
1. Close the right nostril with the index finger of the right hand. Take a quiet, long breath through the left nostril (sequentially lower, middle, upper breathing).
2. As soon as the inhalation is completed, open the right nostril and close the left one with the index finger of the left hand - through the right nostril, exhale quietly for a long time, emptying the lungs as much as possible and pulling the diaphragm as high as possible so that a “pit” is formed in the stomach.
3-4. Same with the other nostrils.
Repeat 3-6 times.
Note. After this exercise, inhale and exhale several times in a row using one nostril. (first the nostril that is easier to breathe, then the other). Repeat 6-10 breathing movements of each nostril separately. Start with calm breathing and move on to deep breathing.
Balloon (breathe with your stomach, lower breathing)
Target: teach children to strengthen the muscles of the abdominal organs, ventilate the lower part of the lungs, and concentrate on lower breathing.
Starting position - lying on your back, legs freely extended, torso relaxed, eyes closed. Attention is concentrated on the movement of the navel: both palms rest on it. In the future, this exercise can be performed standing.
Exhale calmly, drawing the stomach towards the spinal column, the navel seems to lower.
- Slow, smooth inhalation, without any effort - the stomach slowly rises up and swells like a round ball.
- Slow, smooth exhalation - the stomach slowly retracts towards the back.
Repeat 4-10 times.
Balloon in the chest (medium, costal breathing)
Target: teach children to strengthen the intercostal muscles, concentrate their attention on their movement, ventilating the middle sections of the lungs.
Starting position - lying, sitting, standing. Place your hands on the lower part of the ribs and concentrate on them.
Exhale slowly, evenly, squeezing the ribs of the chest with your hands.
- Slowly inhale through your nose, your hands feel the expansion of your chest and slowly release the clamp.
- As you exhale, the chest is again slowly pressed with both hands at the bottom of the ribs.
Note. The abdominal and shoulder muscles remain motionless. In the initial phase of training, it is necessary to help children slightly compress and unclench the lower part of the ribs of the chest as they exhale and inhale.
Repeat 6-10 times.
The balloon rises up (upper breathing)
Target: teach children to strengthen and stimulate the upper respiratory tract, providing ventilation to the upper parts of the lungs.
Starting position - lying, sitting, standing. Place one hand between your collarbones and concentrate on them and your shoulders.
Inhale and exhale with a calm and smooth rise and fall of the collarbones and shoulders.
Repeat 4-8 times.
Wind (cleansing, full breath)
Target:
Starting position - lying, sitting, standing. The torso is relaxed. Exhale completely through your nose, drawing in your stomach and chest. Take a full breath, protruding your stomach and chest ribs. Forcefully release the air through pursed lips with several abrupt exhalations.
Repeat 3-4 times.
Note. Exercise not only perfectly cleanses (ventilates) light, but also helps to warm up during hypothermia and relieves fatigue. Therefore, it is recommended to carry it out after physical activity as often as possible.
Rainbow, hug me
Target: teach children to strengthen the respiratory muscles of the entire respiratory system, to ventilate the lungs in all parts.
Starting position - lying, sitting, standing. The torso is relaxed. Exhale completely through your nose, drawing in your stomach and chest.
- Starting position - standing or in motion.
- Take a full breath through your nose while spreading your arms to the sides.
- Hold your breath for 3-4 seconds.
- Stretching your lips in a smile, pronounce the sound “s”, exhaling air and drawing in your stomach and chest. First point your arms forward, then cross them in front of your chest, as if hugging your shoulders; one hand goes under the arm, the other on the shoulder.
Repeat 3-4 times.
Repeat the exercise “Breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly” 3-5 times.
Complex 2.
The purpose of this complex: strengthen the nasopharynx, upper respiratory tract and lungs.
All exercises of the complex are performed standing or in motion.
Breathe through one nostril
Repeat the exercise “Breathe through one nostril” from complex No. 1, but with a lower dosage.
Hedgehog
Turn your head left and right at the pace of movement. Simultaneously with each turn, inhale through the nose: short, noisy (like a hedgehog), with muscle tension throughout the nasopharynx (the nostrils move and seem to connect, the neck tenses). Exhale softly, voluntarily, through half-open lips.
Repeat 4-8 times.
Lips “tube”
- Exhale completely through the nose, drawing in the stomach and intercostal muscles.
- Purse your lips into a “tube” and sharply draw in air, filling all your lungs to capacity.
- Make a swallowing movement (as if you were swallowing air).
- Pause for 2-3 seconds, then raise your head up and exhale air through your nose smoothly and slowly.
Repeat 4-6 times.
Ears
Shaking your head left and right, take deep breaths. The shoulders remain motionless, but when the head is tilted to the right, the ears are as close to the shoulders as possible. Make sure that your torso does not turn when you tilt your head. Inhalations are performed with tension in the muscles of the entire nasopharynx. Exhalation is voluntary. Repeat 4-5 times.
Blowing soap bubbles
- When tilting your head to your chest, inhale through your nose, tensing the muscles of the nasopharynx.
- Raise your head up and calmly exhale air through your nose, as if blowing soap bubbles.
- Without lowering your head, inhale through your nose, straining the muscles of your nasopharynx.
- Exhale calmly through the nose with your head bowed. Repeat 3-5 times.
Tongue "tube"
- The lips are folded into a “tube”, as when pronouncing the sound “o”. Stick out your tongue and also fold it into a “tube”.
- Slowly drawing in air through the “tube” of the tongue, fill all the lungs with it, inflating the stomach and ribs of the chest.
- When you finish inhaling, close your mouth. Slowly lower your head until your chin touches your chest. Pause - 3-5 seconds.
- Raise your head and calmly exhale air through your nose.
Repeat 4-8 times.
Pump
- Bring your hands together in front of your chest, clenching your fists.
- Bend forward and down and with each springy tilt take gusty breaths, as sharp and noisy as when inflating tires with a pump. (5-7 springy bends and breaths).
- Exhalation is voluntary.
Repeat 3 times.
Note. When inhaling, strain all the muscles of the nasopharynx.
Complication. Repeat the exercise 3 times, then bend back and forth (large pendulum) while inhaling and exhaling. When bending forward, pull your arms freely towards the floor, and when bending back, raise them to your shoulders. With each breath, the muscles of the nasopharynx tense.
Repeat 3-5 times.
Breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly
Repeat the exercise “Breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly” from complex No. 1, but with a lower dosage.
Complex 3.
It is carried out in a playful way.
Wind on the planet
Repeat the “Pump” exercise from complex No. 1.
Planet “Sat-Nam” - respond! (yogic breathing)
Target. Teach children to strengthen the muscle tone of the entire torso and all respiratory muscles.
Starting position - sitting with your buttocks on your heels, toes extended, feet together, back straight, arms raised above your head, fingers, except the index fingers, intertwined, and the index fingers connected and straightened upward, like an arrow.
After the words “Planet, respond!” the children begin to sing “Sat-nam”.
Repeat 3-5 times.
Note. Pronounce “Sat” sharply, like a whistle, pressing your stomach towards the spinal column - this is a sharp exhalation. “Um” is pronounced softly, relaxing the abdominal muscles - this is a small breath.
Breathing cycle: exhale “sat” - pause - inhale “nam”. When pronouncing “sat,” the muscles of the body tense: legs, buttocks, stomach, chest, shoulders, arms, fingers and toes, muscles of the face and neck; “to us” - everything relaxes.
The exercise is performed at a slow pace. After the children say “Sat-nam” 8-10 times, the adult says: “I accepted the call signs!”
The planet breathes quietly, calmly and smoothly
Repeat the exercise “Breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly” from complex No. 1, but with a lower dosage in order to relax muscle tone.
Aliens
Target: the same as in the exercises “Breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly”, “Planet “Sat-nam” - respond!”
The difference in execution: muscle tension while inhaling, and relaxation while exhaling.
Starting position: 3-4 times from a supine position, 3-4 times standing. The exercise is performed with verbal accompaniment, for example: “The aliens are waking up, tense up,” etc.
- Calmly exhale air through your nose, drawing in your stomach and chest.
- Inhale slowly and smoothly, filling your lungs completely.
- Hold your breath, tensing all your muscles and mentally saying: “I am strong.” (and I)».
- Calmly exhale air through your nose while relaxing your muscles.
1. All three complexes are interconnected by the degree of increase in physical load on certain muscles of the respiratory system and by the technique of execution.
In the first complex, more attention is paid to the types of breathing - calming-restorative and cleansing (exercises are performed without much muscle tension).
The second complex is aimed at strengthening the nasopharynx, upper respiratory tract and lungs by tightening the tone of certain muscle groups.
The third complex is mainly aimed at strengthening the muscle tone of the entire respiratory system.
All three complexes must be alternated for one or two weeks, i.e., each complex should be carried out for 2-3 days. (When learning each complex, the number of days can be increased.)
You can vary the complexes: for example, the whole complex, but with a lower dosage in the exercises, or 3-4 exercises from different complexes, but maintaining the dosage.
Younger preschoolers perform all breathing exercises with a lower dosage and in a simplified form, with gradual complication.
2. Certain exercises are included in health-improving gymnastics; you can also use these complexes as a prophylaxis against colds, especially in the cold season.
3. The complexes can be used in working with children of different preschool ages, but you need to start with a simplified form of implementation. Children of the same age develop differently, so each child needs to be shown the exact technique of performing a breathing exercise, and the work should be structured depending on his individual capabilities.
4. Breathing exercises “Breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly”, “Wind”, “Rainbow, hug me” from the first complex are useful for restoring the body and breathing after any physical activity.
Breathing exercise sets
Breathing exercises are aimed at developing and improving the function of the respiratory system, preventing tonsillitis, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, and tuberculosis.
After warming up, breathing exercises are performed.
1. “A warm breeze flew towards us.”
Starting position - main stance. Inhale deeply, exhale lengthened with a soft “ha” sound.
2. “The cold winter wind blew upon us.”
Starting position - main stance. Take a deep breath in through your nose, exhale with the sound “oooh”.
3. “A bee flew into our window.”
Starting position - main stance. Take a deep breath, exhale through tightly clenched teeth with the sound “z-z-z”.
4. “The puppy wants to play with us.”
Starting position - main stance. Take a deep breath, exhale with the sound “rr-rr”.
Warm-up with various elements of physical activity. The breathing exercises are the same, only with the addition of diaphragmatic breathing.
Diaphragmatic breathing, or abdominal breathing.
Starting position - lying on your back, place your palms on your stomach along the middle palm. Take a deep breath, and then exhale calmly, repeat the same again. Concentrate your attention on the breathing process. Using your hands, watch how, when you inhale, your stomach “swells, filling with air” (6-8 times).
Diaphragmatic breathing is useful for any disease, since when the diaphragm works, the organs of the chest and abdominal cavity are gently massaged, which improves their blood supply.
Diaphragmatic breathing regulates intestinal activity, improves digestion, has a positive effect on heart function, ventilates the lower lobes of the lungs well, and calms the nervous system.
A remedy for restoring strength and breathing after physical activity. Helps maintain mental balance.
Full breath.
Technique: exhale completely, inhale slowly, slightly protruding the stomach, lifting and expanding the ribs, ending with raising the collarbones and shoulders. Exhalation is carried out in the same sequence: lower the stomach, the middle part of the chest and the collarbone. The duration of inhalation and exhalation is the same. (Repeat 5-6 times.)
Activates the entire respiratory apparatus, cures pulmonary diseases, as well as colds. Promotes proper breathing.
Breathing to restore the strength of mental balance.
Breathing "Ha" Starting position - main stance. Inhale - slowly raising your arms up, hold your breath, exhale - make a muffled “ha” sound through your mouth, bend over with your whole body and relax your arm muscles.
Palm activation: Place your palms in front of your chest and rub them vigorously.
Sunny pose. Starting position - standing shoulder-width apart. Slowly raise your arms and spread them with your palms to the sides and up.
Accompanying text: “Imagine blue sky and sun above your head. Stretch towards its gentle warm rays. The sun’s rays penetrate every cell of your body, and it is filled with strength and energy.”
Collect the rays of the sun with your palms, slowly bringing your palms together. Then do a light massage.
Energy massage. Starting position - standing or sitting. To warm (grind) palms and massage your face, head, neck, chest, stomach, thighs, legs and feet with your palms.
"Sower". Starting position - standing, hands on the heart area - inhale, exhale - hands forward, send the warmth of your heart to your friends, turning to your friend. Send the rays of your sunshine-heart to all the people of the Earth, your friends.
"Divers". Starting position - standing, exhale, sharply inhale with a quick squat, hold your nose as far as possible, hold your breath.
“Sound breathing “mm m m...” The child takes two calm breaths, then inhales deeply, exhales and pronounces the sound “mmm...” with his mouth closed for as long as possible, until the next breath.
"Cleansing Breath" (relieves tension, used at the beginning and at the end of any health complex).
Starting position - standing, through tightly compressed lips a stepped exit with resistance is made.
"Inflating balloons." Training the respiratory muscles involved in exhalation.
"Propeller". Starting position - standing, arms spread to the sides. Inhale, exhale (through tightly pursed lips) rotation from side to side.
Bibliography:
- Gorbatenko O. F., Kardailskaya T. A., Popova G. P. Physical education and health work in preschool educational institutions: planning, classes, exercises, sports and leisure activities. – Volgograd: Teacher, 2008
- Podolyanskaya E.I. Forms of health improvement for children 4-7 years old: kinesiological and breathing exercises, morning exercises. – Volgograd: Teacher, 2009
- Yakovleva L., Yudina R. Preschool education. - 1997. - No. 2. - P. 14-20.
Breathing exercises for preschoolers is a set of exercises aimed at preventing and treating diseases associated with the respiratory system.
About breathing exercises
There are various complexes of breathing exercises - gymnastics according to Strelnikova, gymnastics according to Buteyko, gymnastics borrowed from hatha yoga, and others. All of them are based on exercises, the main elements of which are: deep breathing, artificial difficulty breathing, holding your breath, slowing your breathing, and shallow breathing.
But strict standard breathing exercises are performed by adults, and a number of simple exercises are usually offered for children.
The benefits of breathing exercises
When performing breathing exercises, the blood is actively saturated with oxygen, which improves the functioning of the child’s lungs, brain, nervous system, and cardiovascular system; gymnastics also has a positive effect on the functioning of the digestive organs.
Breathing exercises are a good prevention of respiratory diseases, develop the child’s imperfect respiratory system, and strengthen the body’s defenses. Breathing exercises are especially useful for children suffering from frequent colds, bronchitis, and bronchial asthma. For diseases of the respiratory system, performing such gymnastics facilitates the course of the disease and reduces the likelihood of complications. Breathing exercises are performed as an addition to traditional treatment (medication, physiotherapy).
Breathing exercises have very few contraindications. Thus, performing these exercises is not recommended for those who have brain injuries, spinal injuries, severe osteochondrosis of the cervicothoracic spine, bleeding and high blood pressure, intracranial or intraocular pressure. You can consult your doctor about which exercises are best for your child.
How to conduct classes with a child
The main task of breathing exercises for a child is to teach him to breathe correctly, deeply, fill his lungs as much as possible when inhaling, while expanding the chest, and when exhaling, free the lungs from residual air, pushing it out by compressing the lungs. If the child does not exhale fully, then a certain amount of “waste” air remains in the lungs, which prevents the entry of new fresh air in a sufficient volume. Other exercises, on the contrary, involve fast, shallow breathing.
Breathing exercises for children are carried out 2 times a day for 10-15 minutes, no earlier than 1 hour after meals. Breathing exercises can be performed together with morning exercises or as a separate complex. Classes for children are conducted in a playful way. To interest the child, the exercises are given “childish” or funny names. You can come up with your own exercises, similar to the standard ones, and perform gymnastics using your favorite toys. It’s a good idea for parents to lead their children by example by doing breathing exercises together.
It is very useful to perform all exercises outside in the fresh air in the warm season. If classes are held indoors, you must first ventilate the room.
Breathing exercises with a child should be carried out constantly, because the results of its use in terms of strengthening the immune system will be visible after a long course.
Exercises for children 2-4 years old
Balloon
The child should lie on the mat on his back and place his hands on his stomach. We ask him to imagine that instead of a tummy he has a balloon. Now, while inhaling, we slowly inflate the belly balloon, hold our breath, and then deflate the balloon - slowly exhale the air. The child should inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth. For clarity, you can place a small soft toy on your stomach and watch how it rises and falls as you breathe.
Wave
The child lies on the floor, legs together, hands at his sides. As you inhale, raise your arms above your head, touch the floor, and as you exhale, slowly return to the starting position. Simultaneously with the exhalation, the child says “Vni-i-i-z.”
Diver
Invite your child to imagine that he is at sea and sinks under water. You need to take a deep breath and try to hold your breath longer.
Watch
The child stands, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down. Let's ask him to draw a clock. Swinging your straight arms back and forth, you need to say “tick-tock.”
I'll grow big
The child stands straight, legs together. You need to raise your arms to the sides and up, while inhaling, stretch well, rise on your toes, then lower your arms down, lower yourself onto your entire foot - exhale. As you exhale, say “u-h-h-h”!
Engine
We ask the child to pretend to be a steam locomotive. The child walks, making quick alternating movements with his hands and saying: “chuh-chuh-chuh.” Then he stops and says “too-too-too.”
Each exercise is performed 4-6 times. If the child gets tired, it is necessary to take short breaks between exercises.
Exercises for children 5-7 years old
For older children, the following exercises can be added to the exercises described above:
Rose and dandelion
Performed in a standing position. First, the child takes a deep breath through his nose, as if he were smelling a rose, trying to draw in all its aroma, then “blows on a dandelion” - exhales as much as possible through his mouth.
Hen
The child sits on a chair with his arms down, then takes a quick breath and raises his arms to his armpits, palms up, depicting chicken wings. As you exhale, lowers the “wings”, turning your palms down.
Hamster
Invite your child to pretend to be a hamster - puff out your cheeks and walk a few steps. After which, turn around and slap yourself on the cheeks, thus releasing the air. And then walk a few more steps, breathing through your nose, as if sniffing out new food to fill your cheeks again.
Crow
The child stands with his legs slightly apart and his arms down. He inhales, spreads his arms wide to the sides, like wings, and as he exhales, slowly lowers his arms and says “carrr”, stretching out the “r” sound as much as possible.
The Dragon
We invite the child to imagine himself as a dragon who breathes alternately through each nostril. The child closes one nostril with his finger, the other deeply inhales and exhales air.
Throw the ball
The child stands, holds a ball in his hands, arms raised up. Inhales, then, as you exhale, throws the ball forward from the chest, while pronouncing a long “uh-h-h-h.”
Each exercise is performed 4-6 times.
Fun and games that train the respiratory system
In addition to the special exercises suggested, some of the usual children's activities are also good exercises that strengthen the respiratory system. These are such interesting activities as inflating balloons, blowing soap bubbles, gurgling in a glass of water through a straw, whistling a whistle, playing the pipe, trumpet, and harmonica.
You can also offer children the following useful games:
Air football
We take a table tennis ball or make a cotton ball, and place a “gate” made of cubes or construction sets on the table. You need to “score a goal” - blow on the ball so that it rolls across the table and into the goal. You can try to complicate the task - push a cotton ball around, blowing on it not with your mouth, but with your nose.
Drawing on the window
The child exhales onto the glass or mirror so that it becomes foggy, after which he draws a given figure on it with his finger.
Snowfall
Make “snowflakes” - small lumps of cotton wool or paper. We ask the child to make a snowfall - put “snowflakes” on the palm of his hand and blow them away.
Butterflies
Cut out small butterflies from paper and hang them on threads. Invite your child to blow on the butterflies so that they fly.
I am a wind
Make a pinwheel propeller out of paper (or take a purchased one) and blow on it so that it rotates. Pour water into a bathtub or basin, launch a light boat into the water and blow on it to make it float.
Links
- Breathing exercises for children, social network Country of Mothers
Junior groups
Complex No. 1 develops the respiratory muscles, speech apparatus, coordination of movements, muscles of the arms and spine, promotes correct rhythmic breathing and pronunciation of sounds.
1. "Bubbles"
Let your baby take a deep breath through his nose, puff out his “bubbly cheeks” and slowly exhale through his slightly open mouth. Repeat 2 - 3 times.
2. "Pump"
The baby puts his hands on his belt, squats slightly - inhale, straightens up - exhale. Gradually the squats become lower, the inhalation and exhalation take longer. Repeat 3 - 4 times.
3. "Locomotive"
You ask questions, the baby answers.
How does the train talk? Tu-tu-tu-tu.
How does the machine hum? Bi-bi. Bi-bi.
How does the dough “breathe”? Puff - puff - puff.
You can also sing vowel sounds: o-o-o-o-ooo, o-oo-oo-oooo.
4. "Airplane"
Tell the poem, and let the baby perform movements in the rhythm of the verse:
Airplane - airplane (baby spreads his arms to the sides, palms up, raises his head, inhales)
Takes flight (holds breath)
Zhu-zhu-zhu (makes a right turn)
Zhu-zhu-zhu (exhale, says zh-zh-zh)
I’ll stand and rest (stands up straight, hands down)
I'll fly to the left (raises head, inhales)
Zhu-zhu-zhu (makes a left turn)
Zhu-zhu-zhu (exhale, zh-zhu-zh)
I’ll stand and rest (stands up straight and lowers his hands).
Repeat 2-3 times
5. "Animals"
You read a poem, the child performs the movements.
The bear has a huge house (straighten up, stand on tiptoes, raise your arms up, stretch, look at your arms, inhale)
The mouse has a very small one (sit down, clasp your knees with your hands, lower your head, exhale while pronouncing the sound sh-sh-sh)
The mouse goes to visit the bear (walk on tiptoes)
He won't get to her. Repeat 3 - 4 times.
6. "Wind"
I am a strong wind, I am flying,
I fly wherever I want (arms down, legs slightly apart, inhale through the nose)
I want to whistle to the left (turn my head to the left, lips with a straw and blow)
I can blow to the right (head straight, inhale, head to the right, lips like a tube, exhale)
I can go up (head straight, inhale through the nose, exhale through the lips with a straw, inhale)
And into the clouds (lower your head, touch your chin to your chest, calmly exhale through your mouth)
In the meantime, I’m dispersing the clouds (circular movements with my hands).
Repeat 3-4 times.
7. "Chickens"
Do it together with your baby. Stand up, bend over, hang your wings freely and lower your head. We say: “Tak-tak-tak” and at the same time pat our knees. Exhalation. Straighten up, raise your arms up - inhale. Repeat 5 times.
8. "Bee"
Show your child how to sit: straight, arms crossed and head down.
The bee said: “Zhu-zhu-zhu” (we compress our chest and as we exhale we say: zhu-zhu, then as we inhale we spread our arms to the sides, straighten our shoulders and say...)
I’ll fly and buzz, I’ll bring honey to the children (he gets up and, spreading his arms to the sides, makes a circle around the room and returns to his place).
Repeat 5 times. Make sure that you inhale through your nose and breathe deeply.
Complex No. 2. In order not to get sick, you need to learn to breathe correctly. There are many types of breathing exercises, including exercises adapted for children. The fun tips below will teach you and your baby respiratory self-defense.
1. "Big and small"
Standing straight, while inhaling, the child stands on tiptoes, stretches his arms up, showing how big he is. Hold this position for a few seconds. As you exhale, the child should lower his arms down, then squat down, clasping his knees with his hands and at the same time saying “uh”, hiding his head behind his knees - showing how small he is.
2. "Steam Locomotive""
Walk around the room, imitating the movements of the wheels of a steam locomotive with bent arms, while saying “choo-choo” and changing the speed of movement, volume and frequency of pronunciation. Repeat with your child five to six times.
3. "Geese are flying""
Walk slowly and smoothly around the room, flapping your arms like wings. Raise your arms as you inhale, lower them as you exhale, saying “g-u-u.” Repeat with your child eight to ten times.
4. "Stork""
Standing straight, spread your arms to the sides, and bend one leg forward. Hold the position for a few seconds. Keep your balance. As you exhale, lower your leg and arms, quietly saying “sh-sh-sh-sh.” Repeat with your child six to seven times.
5. "Happy Bee"
As you exhale, say “z-z-z.” Imagine that a bee has landed on your nose (direct sound and gaze towards your nose), on your arm, or on your leg. Thus, the child learns to direct attention to a specific area of the body.
6. "Little Frog""
Place your feet together. Imagine how the little frog jumps quickly and sharply, and repeat his jumps: squatting slightly, inhaling, jump forward. When you land, “croak.”
Middle group
Complex No. 1
1. "Let's listen to our breathing"
Goal: to teach children to listen to their breathing, determine the type of breathing, its depth, frequency and, based on these signs, the state of the body.
I.p.: standing, sitting, lying down (as convenient at the moment). The muscles of the torso are relaxed.
In complete silence, children listen to their own breathing and determine:
- where the air stream enters and where it comes out;
- what part of the body moves when inhaling and exhaling (stomach, chest, shoulders or all parts - wave-like);
- what type of breathing: shallow (light) or deep;
- what is the breathing frequency: inhalation and exhalation occur frequently or calmly at a certain interval (automatic pause);
- quiet, inaudible breathing or noisy breathing.
2. “Breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly”
Goal: to teach children to relax and restore the body after physical activity and emotional excitement; regulate the breathing process, concentrate attention on it in order to control the relaxation of your body and psyche.
I.p.: standing, sitting, lying down (this depends on the previous physical activity). If you are sitting with your back straight, it is better to close your eyes.
Inhale slowly through your nose. When the chest begins to expand, stop inhaling and pause as long as you can. Then exhale smoothly through the nose. Repeat 5-10 times. The exercise is performed silently, smoothly, so that even a palm placed to the nose does not feel the stream of air when exhaling.
3. "Breathe through one nostril"
Goal: to teach children to strengthen the muscles of the respiratory system, nasopharynx and upper respiratory tract.
I.p.: sitting, standing, the torso is straightened, but not tense.
- Close the right nostril with the index finger of the right hand. Take a quiet, long breath with your left nostril (consecutively lower, middle, upper breathing).
- As soon as the inhalation is completed, open the right nostril and close the left one with the index finger of the left hand - through the right nostril, exhale quietly for a long time, emptying the lungs as much as possible and pulling the diaphragm as high as possible so that a “pit” is formed in the stomach.
3-4. Same with the other nostrils.
Repeat 3-6 times.
Note. After this exercise, inhale and exhale through one nostril several times in a row (first with the nostril that is easier to breathe, then with the other). Repeat 6-10 breathing movements with each nostril separately. Start with calm breathing and move on to deep breathing.
4. “Balloon” (Breathing with the belly, lower breathing)
Goal: to teach children to strengthen the muscles of the abdominal organs, ventilate the lower part of the lungs, and concentrate on lower breathing.
I.i.: lying on your back, legs freely extended, torso relaxed, eyes closed. Attention is concentrated on the movement of the navel: both palms rest on it.
Exhale calmly, drawing the stomach towards the spinal column, the navel seems to lower.
- Slow, smooth inhalation, without any effort - the stomach slowly rises up and swells like a round ball
- Slow, smooth exhalation - the stomach slowly retracts towards the back.
Repeat 4-10 times.
5. “Wind” (cleansing full breath)
Goal: to teach children to strengthen the respiratory muscles of the entire respiratory system, to ventilate the lungs in all parts.
IP: sitting, standing, lying down. The torso is relaxed, exhale completely through the nose, drawing in the stomach and chest.
- Take a full breath, protruding your stomach and chest ribs.
- Hold your breath for 3-4 seconds.
- Forcefully release the air through pursed lips with several abrupt exhalations.
Repeat 3-4 times.
Note. Exercise not only perfectly cleanses (ventilates) the lungs, but also helps to warm up during hypothermia and relieves fatigue. Therefore, it is recommended to carry it out after physical activity as often as possible.
Complex No. 2
The purpose of this complex: to strengthen the nasopharynx, upper respiratory tract and lungs by tightening the tone of certain muscle groups.
All exercises of the complex are performed standing or in motion.
1. "Breathe through one nostril"
Repeat the exercise “Breathe through one nostril” from complex No. 1, but with a lower dosage.
2. "Hedgehog"
Turn your head right - left at the pace of movement. Simultaneously with each turn, inhale through the nose: short, noisy (like a hedgehog), with tension in the muscles of the entire nasopharynx (the nostrils move and seem to connect, the neck tenses). Exhale softly, voluntarily, through half-open lips.
Repeat 4-8 times.
3. "Lips with a tube"
1. Exhale completely through the nose, drawing in the stomach and intercostal muscles.
2. Form your lips into a “tube” and sharply draw in air, filling all your lungs to capacity.
3. Make a swallowing movement (as if you are swallowing air).
4. Pause for 2-3 seconds, then raise your head up and exhale air through your nose smoothly and slowly.
Repeat 4-6 times.
4. "Ears"
Shaking your head left and right, take deep breaths. The shoulders remain motionless, but when the head is tilted to the right - to the left, the ears are as close to the shoulders as possible. Make sure that your torso does not turn when you tilt your head. Inhalations are performed with tension in the muscles of the entire nasopharynx. Exhalation is voluntary.
Repeat 4-5 times.
Senior and preparatory groups
Complex No. 1
1. "Blow it out"
Stand straight, feet shoulder-width apart. Take a free breath and hold your breath slightly. Curl your lips. Perform three short, rare exhalations, as if blowing out a burning candle: “Ugh!” Ugh! Ugh!". Keep your torso straight during the exercise.
2. "Full breath"
Stand straight, feet shoulder-width apart. Take a free deep breath while raising your arms up in front of you. Hold your breath (as long as it feels good). Exhale vigorously with your mouth open, while lowering your arms and leaning forward (“Ha!”). Breathe out with relief, as if freeing yourself from worries. Slowly straighten up.
3. "Rocking chair"
I.p. - sitting on a chair, hands on your knees. Rock your torso back and forth, saying as you exhale, “F-r-oo-hh!” Repeat 6-8 times.
4. "The Christmas tree is growing"
I.p. - stand straight, legs slightly apart, hands down. Squat down and straighten up, raising your arms upward, wider than your shoulders. When crouching, say: “Fear-x!” Repeat 2-3 times.
5. "Knock your fists"
I.p. - stand up straight, legs apart, arms down. Sit down and knock your fists on the floor 3 times, saying: “Knock-knock-knock.” Repeat at an average pace 2-3 times.
6. "Jumping"
Jump on both feet, saying “Ha” for each jump. Every 12-16 jumps alternate with walking.
Complex No. 2
1. "Snowball"
I.p. - stand straight, legs slightly apart, hands down. Squat lower on your entire foot and, leaning forward strongly, clasp your shins with your hands and lower your head. At the same time say: “Hrrrr!” Repeat slowly 3-5 times.
2. "The snowman is having fun"
I.p. - put your feet together, hands on your belt. Inhale, then jump with both legs while exhaling, saying: “Ha!” Repeat 6-8 times.
3. "Grow big"
I.p. - stand straight, feet together. Raise your arms up, stretch, rise on your toes - inhale; lower your arms down, lower your entire foot - exhale, saying: “U-h-h-h!” Repeat 4-5 times.
4. Tree Pose
Stand straight, feet together, arms down. Raise your arms up, palms facing each other. Stretch your whole body up - inhale. The back is straight, the chin is slightly raised, the stomach is tucked. After 20 seconds, turning your palms to the sides, calmly lower your hands - exhale. Take 2-3 calm breaths and exhales.
5. "Birch"
Raise your arms up and tilt your torso left and right to the beat of the music. Breathing is calm.
6. "Breeze"
Easy running on your toes, speeding up and slowing down in accordance with the tempo of the music. Try to breathe through your nose.
7. "The Scent of Flowers"
Stand up and place your palms on your chest. Inhale slowly through your nose, trying not to raise your shoulders. Hold your breath and exhale slowly, saying: “A-a-ah!”
8. "Raising Bricks"
I.p. - legs apart, arms down, fingers spread. 1 - inhale; 2 - exhale - tilt the torso forward, fingers into a fist: “Wow!”; 3 - inhale; 4 - return to IP. Repeat 5-6 times.
It is a fact that today the number of preschoolers suffering from various health conditions has increased significantly. Many children lag behind in physical and mental development, often fall ill with infectious viral diseases, etc. According to statistics, currently every fifth child is often ill. They often get sick and face difficulties in acquiring knowledge in a timely manner. One of the ways to prevent and improve children's health is breathing exercises for preschoolers. Read about what types it comes in, what are the indications for its implementation, and how to conduct it correctly with children of different preschool ages.
Types of breathing exercises
Breathing exercises for children, especially small ones, are a set of simple, fun exercises
There are several effective sets of breathing exercises:
- gymnastics according to A. N. Strelnikova
- gymnastics according to K. P. Buteyko
- Hatha yoga gymnastics
- and etc.
The basis of these gymnastic complexes is exercises, the components of which are:
- deep breathing
- artificial obstruction of breathing
- holding your breath
- slow breathing
- shallow breathing.
Breathing exercises are:
- static (which are performed at rest)
- dynamic (which are performed using movement elements)
- special (i.e. drainage - which are indicated for certain diseases).
For children, especially small ones, special complexes have been created on this basis, consisting of simple (and sometimes very entertaining) exercises.
The purpose and significance of breathing exercises
A correctly selected set of breathing exercises will help the development of the child’s still imperfect respiratory system and strengthen the defenses of his body.
The purpose of breathing exercises with preschoolers- This is, first of all, strengthening their health. The meaning of such gymnastics for the general physical development of preschool children great, because:
- Exercises for the respiratory system help saturate every cell of the child’s body with oxygen.
- exercises teach children to control their breathing, which, in turn, develops the ability to control themselves
- Proper breathing improves the functioning of the child’s brain, heart and nervous system, the respiratory and digestive systems of the body, and strengthens overall health
- Breathing exercises are an excellent prevention of respiratory diseases.
“Did you know that slow exhalation will help the child calm down, relax, cope with anxiety and irritability, thereby helping to avoid stress.”
It will be useful to perform breathing exercises, first of all, for preschoolers who often suffer from colds, bronchitis and bronchial asthma. In children suffering from respiratory diseases, performing breathing exercises significantly alleviates the disease, shortens its duration and reduces the possibility of developing complications. In this case, breathing exercises play the role of a complement to traditional treatment (medication and physiotherapy).
A correctly selected set of breathing exercises will help the development of the child’s still imperfect respiratory system and strengthen the defenses of his body.
The basis of gymnastics- nasal breathing, because it stimulates the nerve endings of all organs that are located in the nasopharynx.
Indications and rules for conducting classes
Breathing exercises can be done both at home and in kindergarten
Breathing exercises are suitable for all age groups of preschoolers. They can be carried out both at home and in kindergarten: during morning exercises or on a walk.
"Advice. Performing breathing exercises is contraindicated for a few, but it is better to consult with your doctor which specific exercises are suitable for your child.”
At first, breathing exercises will seem difficult for children, so adults need to help children master them, turning boring movements into a fun game.
One of the main tasks- teach the baby to breathe correctly, deeply enough, while filling the lungs as much as possible, inhaling and expanding the chest, and when exhaling, free the lungs from the air that remains there, pushing it out by compressing the lungs. A child who does not exhale completely leaves “waste” air in the lungs, which prevents the flow of fresh air in the required volume.
It is also important to use exercises aimed, on the contrary, at fast, shallow breathing.
How to do gymnastics with a preschooler
- Breathing exercises with preschool children can be performed twice for 10-30 minutes, and it is better to do this no earlier than an hour after eating.
- It is important that classes are conducted in a playful way that is interesting to children.
- To make it interesting for children, the exercises can be named in a childish, funny way (you will see examples below).
- You can invent your own exercises by modifying the standard ones.
- Breathing exercises using toys will be interesting.
- It is useful to do exercises outside in the warm season, in the fresh air.
- If classes are held indoors, then you need to pre-ventilate it.
- You need to exercise in light clothing and at an air temperature no higher than 17-20 Cº.
- It is important to constantly practice breathing exercises with your child, since the results of the exercises will only be visible after a long course.
- The load can be increased gradually by increasing the number of repetitions and complicating the exercises.
"Advice. If it’s important for parents to teach their child to do breathing exercises, then it’s a good idea to do them with him.”
If it is important for parents to teach their child to do breathing exercises, then it is a good idea to do them with him
Exercise technique
Breathing exercises can be performed by a teacher, instructor, educator or medical worker at a preschool educational institution. Parents can also master it.
The basis of the training methodology breathing exercises for preschoolers - special static and dynamic breathing exercises. A at the heart of the breathing exercises themselves This is an exercise with prolonged and intense exhalation, combined with physical exercises that are aimed at the general strengthening of the body and the physical development of the child. This can be achieved by pronouncing vowel sounds (a-a-a, o-o-o, u-u-u), hissing consonants (zh, sh) and combinations of sounds (ah, ha, fu, uh, ). It is better to do all this in a playful way, for example: a bee is buzzing, a plane is buzzing, a train is traveling, etc.).
Games and exercises that train the respiratory organs of preschool children
2-4 years
Exercise "Balloon". Have your child lie on his back on the mat and place his hands on his stomach. He should imagine that he has a balloon instead of a stomach. This belly ball needs to be slowly inflated as you inhale (through the nose), hold your breath for a moment, and then deflate it, slowly exhaling the air through your mouth. To make it more visual, you can place a small soft toy on the child’s stomach and watch how it rises and falls.
Exercise "Diver". Let the child imagine that he is at sea and diving under water. To stay underwater, you need to take a deep breath and try to hold your breath for as long as possible.
5-7 years
Exercise “Rose and Dandelion”. Starting position - standing. First, the child should take a deep breath through his nose, as if he were inhaling the scent of a rose, and then “blow on a dandelion,” exhaling as much air as possible through his mouth.
Try the “Rose and Dandelion” exercise with your child.
Exercise "Hamster". Ask your child to pretend to be a hamster: puff out his cheeks and walk around looking like he is there. Then you need to slap yourself on the cheeks, releasing the air. And then you need to take a few more steps, breathing through your nose, as if sniffing out new food for the next filling of your cheeks.
Exercise "Dragon". Invite your child to imagine himself as a dragon, breathing through each nostril alternately. Let the child close the first nostril with his finger, and let the child inhale and exhale deeply on the other.
Exercise "Throw the ball." Starting position - standing, arms raised up and holding the ball. Invite your child to inhale, and then, as you exhale, throw the ball forward from the chest, while saying a long “uh-uh.”
Each exercise should be performed approximately 4-6 times.
Gymnastics by A. N. Strelnikova
Strelnikova method was patented in the 70s of the 20th century and began to be used both as a general strengthening gymnastics and as a special one for the treatment of asthmatics. The main thing here is the inhalation, during which the child’s chest contracts (due to bending, turning and clasping the ribs with his hands), rather than expanding. The basic complex of this gymnastics consists of 14 exercises and consists of physical and breathing exercises.
Basic Rules:
- Maximum emotions while inhaling.
- Simultaneity of movements and breaths.
- Inhalations are repeated as if inflating a chamber or inflating a balloon. The pause between inhalations is 2-3 seconds, and between exhalations a little more.
- The number of consecutive breaths for each child is determined individually.
You need to start mastering this gymnastics with your children with three basic exercises:
- "Palms." Stand straight, arms down to the elbows along the body. Only the hands work. While inhaling, clench your palms into fists. Take 4 noisy short breaths (series). Exhale - arbitrarily (nose, mouth). In total you need to do 24 series with breaks of 3-5 seconds.
- "Epaulettes." Stand straight, arms along the body, hands clenched into fists. As you inhale, sharply unclench your fists. Take 8 loud short breaths (series). It is recommended to complete 12 series with short breaks.
- "Pump". Springy bends forward with a stick in your hands. Inhale - in the second part of the tilt. After finishing the tilt, stop inhaling. Inhale simultaneously with bending, rhythmically. As you exhale, straighten up. Episode 1 - 8 breaths. Complete 12 episodes in total.
Watch a video of preschoolers doing breathing exercises by A. N. Strelnikova
Games and exercises for breathing in verses
Breathing exercises in verse will bring both pleasure and benefit to preschoolers. Try doing the following set of exercises with your child:
- Geese are flying
Geese are flying high.
They look at the children.
1 - raise your arms to the sides - inhale
2 - lower your hands down, making the sound “g-u-u-u” - exhale
- Hedgehog
The hedgehog is kind, not prickly,
Take a better look around.
1 - turn the head to the right - short noisy breath in through the nose
2 - turn your head to the left - exhale through slightly open lips.
- Adjuster
He will show us the right path,
Turns will indicate everything.
1 - right hand up, left hand to the side - inhale through the nose
2 - left hand up, right hand to the side - exhale + sound “r-r-r”
- Pendulum
Left, right, left, right,
And then let's start over.
Hands on the belt - inhale
1 - tilt to the right - exhale
2 - hands on the belt - inhale
3 - tilt to the left - exhale
4 - hands on the belt - inhale
Exhale with the sound “t-u-u-h”.
Breathing exercises help improve child health
Performing breathing exercises during exercise, physical exercise or a walk is an excellent way to prevent the occurrence of colds, raise the overall vitality and strengthen the psychophysical health of preschoolers, which will ensure their proper development.
Irina Ozerova
Breathing exercises for preschoolers
Breathing exercises for preschoolers is a set of exercises aimed at preventing and treating diseases associated with the respiratory system.
There are various complexes of breathing exercises - gymnastics according to Strelnikova, gymnastics according to Buteyko, gymnastics borrowed from hatha yoga, and others. All of them are based on exercises, the main elements of which are: deep breathing, artificial difficulty breathing, holding your breath, slowing your breathing, and shallow breathing.
But strict standard breathing exercises are performed by adults, and a number of simple exercises are usually offered for children.
The benefits of breathing exercises
When performing breathing exercises, the blood is actively saturated with oxygen, which improves the functioning of the child’s lungs, brain, nervous system, and cardiovascular system; gymnastics also has a positive effect on the functioning of the digestive organs.
Breathing exercises are a good prevention of respiratory diseases, develop the child’s imperfect respiratory system, and strengthen the body’s defenses. Breathing exercises are especially useful for children suffering from frequent colds, bronchitis, and bronchial asthma. For diseases of the respiratory system, performing such gymnastics facilitates the course of the disease and reduces the likelihood of complications. Breathing exercises are performed as an addition to traditional treatment (medication, physiotherapy).
Breathing exercises have very few contraindications. Thus, performing these exercises is not recommended for those who have brain injuries, spinal injuries, severe osteochondrosis of the cervicothoracic spine, bleeding and high blood pressure, intracranial or intraocular pressure. You can consult your doctor about which exercises are best for your child.
How to conduct classes with a child
The main task of breathing exercises for a child is to teach him to breathe correctly, deeply, fill his lungs as much as possible when inhaling, while expanding the chest, and when exhaling, free the lungs from residual air, pushing it out by compressing the lungs. If the child does not exhale fully, then a certain amount of “waste” air remains in the lungs, which prevents the entry of new fresh air in a sufficient volume. Other exercises, on the contrary, involve fast, shallow breathing.
Breathing exercises for children are carried out 2 times a day for 10-15 minutes, no earlier than 1 hour after meals. Breathing exercises can be performed together with morning exercises or as a separate complex. Classes for children are conducted in a playful way. To interest the child, the exercises are given “childish” or funny names. You can come up with your own exercises, similar to the standard ones, and perform gymnastics using your favorite toys. It’s a good idea for parents to lead their children by example by doing breathing exercises together.
It is very useful to perform all exercises outside in the fresh air in the warm season. If classes are held indoors, you must first ventilate the room.
Breathing exercises with a child should be carried out constantly, because the results of its use in terms of strengthening the immune system will be visible after a long course.
Exercises for children 2-4 years old
Balloon
The child should lie on the mat on his back and place his hands on his stomach. We ask him to imagine that instead of a tummy he has a balloon. Now, while inhaling, we slowly inflate the belly balloon, hold our breath, and then deflate the balloon - slowly exhale the air. The child should inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth. For clarity, you can place a small soft toy on your stomach and watch how it rises and falls as you breathe.
Wave
The child lies on the floor, legs together, hands at his sides. As you inhale, raise your arms above your head, touch the floor, and as you exhale, slowly return to the starting position. Simultaneously with the exhalation, the child says “Vni-i-i-z.”
Diver
Invite your child to imagine that he is at sea and sinks under water. You need to take a deep breath and try to hold your breath longer.
Watch
The child stands, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down. Let's ask him to draw a clock. Swinging your straight arms back and forth, you need to say “tick-tock.”
I'll grow big
The child stands straight, legs together. You need to raise your arms to the sides and up, while inhaling, stretch well, rise on your toes, then lower your arms down, lower yourself onto your entire foot - exhale. As you exhale, say “u-h-h-h”!
Engine
We ask the child to pretend to be a steam locomotive. The child walks, making quick alternating movements with his hands and saying: “chuh-chuh-chuh.” Then he stops and says “too-too-too.”
Each exercise is performed 4-6 times. If the child gets tired, it is necessary to take short breaks between exercises.
Exercises for children 5-7 years old T
For older children, the following exercises can be added to the exercises described above:
Rose and dandelion
Performed in a standing position. First, the child takes a deep breath through his nose, as if he were smelling a rose, trying to draw in all its aroma, then “blows on a dandelion” - exhales as much as possible through his mouth.
Hen
The child sits on a chair with his arms down, then takes a quick breath and raises his arms to his armpits, palms up, depicting chicken wings. As you exhale, lowers the “wings”, turning your palms down.
Hamster
Invite your child to pretend to be a hamster - puff out your cheeks and walk a few steps. After which, turn around and slap yourself on the cheeks, thus releasing the air. And then walk a few more steps, breathing through your nose, as if sniffing out new food to fill your cheeks again.
Crow
The child stands with his legs slightly apart and his arms down. He inhales, spreads his arms wide to the sides, like wings, and as he exhales, slowly lowers his arms and says “carrr”, stretching out the “r” sound as much as possible.
The Dragon
We invite the child to imagine himself as a dragon who breathes alternately through each nostril. The child closes one nostril with his finger, the other deeply inhales and exhales air.
Throw the ball
The child stands, holds a ball in his hands, arms raised up. Inhales, then, as you exhale, throws the ball forward from the chest, while pronouncing a long “uh-h-h-h.”
Each exercise is performed 4-6 times.
Fun and games that train the respiratory system
In addition to the special exercises suggested, some of the usual children's activities are also good exercises that strengthen the respiratory system. These are such interesting activities as inflating balloons, blowing soap bubbles, gurgling in a glass of water through a straw, whistling a whistle, playing the pipe, trumpet, and harmonica.
You can also offer children the following useful games:
Air football
We take a table tennis ball or make a cotton ball and place a “gate” made of cubes or construction sets on the table. You need to “score a goal” - blow on the ball so that it rolls across the table and into the goal. You can try to complicate the task - push a cotton ball around, blowing on it not with your mouth, but with your nose.
Drawing on the window
The child exhales onto the glass or mirror so that it becomes foggy, after which he draws a given figure on it with his finger.
Snowfall
Make “snowflakes” - small lumps of cotton wool or paper. We ask the child to make a snowfall - put “snowflakes” on the palm of his hand and blow them away.
Butterflies
Cut out small butterflies from paper and hang them on threads. Invite your child to blow on the butterflies so that they fly.
I am a wind
Make a pinwheel propeller out of paper (or take a purchased one) and blow on it so that it rotates. Pour water into a bathtub or basin, launch a light boat into the water and blow on it to make it float.
