Often times, employees who have done great individually will start to perform worse in the team. How to deal with this collective apathy?
Collective efforts are often less effective than individual work. This is quite natural, especially in the Russian realities. The specificity of the Russian mentality is such that, despite the high ability to work, the temptation to shift part of your work to another is very great.
If the effect of social laziness manifests itself in a small work collective, it is easier to deal with it. It is easier for a manager to establish personal contact with each employee and provide an individual approach. To prevent laziness from progressing, it is important first of all to avoid leveling. Some employees are motivated by praise, while others are better served by tougher conversations about responsibility and discipline. In any case, efficiency and personal motivation can be increased with the help of an adequate assessment of work: it is necessary to celebrate and highlight the successes of each person personally.
It should be borne in mind that collective laziness and apathy also have objective reasons. As you know, there is no smoke without fire. If you notice a drop in efficiency among your employees, there may be several prerequisites for this. Either your subordinates are tired and need rest, or they are not motivated enough and do not see the point in their work.
If a person does not realize his own value and the value of his work, interest in work is automatically lost. In the best case, the employee begins to perform his duties automatically, without excitement, in the worst case, he begins to unconsciously sabotage. Often this attitude to work is observed among employees who are deprived of career opportunities and therefore feel underestimated.
Conflicts with management are often the cause of apathy. The employee is dissatisfied with the actions of the manager, but cannot express complaints due to fear of violating the chain of command. The banal fear of losing a bonus or being fired leads to the fact that a person accumulates aggression for a long time, which consumes a significant part of his emotional strength. It is not surprising that a person who has to constantly live and work in such a tense state begins to "fail".
An honest conversation with the person is best. Find out what difficulties were in his work recently, thank him for his successes and achievements. Such attention, as a rule, finds a positive reaction, and an honest conversation helps to sublimate the accumulated resentment and aggression, neutralize them or direct them in the right direction.
Nadezhda Kuzmina
Based on materials from Trud
Taking antibiotics is a necessary measure in the presence of some serious diseases that threaten human health. Since their discovery, antibacterial drugs have saved countless lives.
However, despite the high efficiency of treatment of certain diseases, they are also capable of causing a number of negative consequences that disrupt the work of some organs and systems of the human body. How do you minimize the side effects of antibiotic use? What foods can help with this?
It should be understood that antibiotics are natural or artificially synthesized substances that can affect the growth and development of bacteria. Unfortunately, the beneficial microflora of the body is also destroyed, so its restoration after a course of antibiotic therapy is mandatory.
It is up to the doctor to decide whether to take antibiotics. It is he who selects the necessary drug, release form, dosage and sets the duration of treatment. Most often, antibiotics are prescribed for:
- Pneumonia;
- Tuberculosis;
- Blood infections;
- Acute gastrointestinal infections;
- Postoperative complications;
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
The main contraindications for taking antibacterial drugs are early pregnancy and infancy.
The negative consequences of taking antibiotics include:
- Violation of intestinal microflora
Synthetic antibiotics of a broad spectrum of action are aimed at the massive destruction of bacteria, including those necessary for normal human life. Since the beneficial microflora can be restored rather slowly, new pathogenic bacteria and fungi can take its place in the intestine, which leads to a decrease in immunity and increases the risk of developing various chronic diseases.
- Malfunctions of the digestive system
Taking antibiotics negatively affects the state of the digestive system due to the lack of enzymes produced by beneficial bacteria. This, in particular, leads to irritation of the gastric mucosa, and also disrupts the work of the glands of external secretion.
- Allergic reactions
Individual intolerance to the drug can lead to acute allergic reactions: itching, redness, rash and edema.
- Disturbances in the work of the nervous system
The use of antibiotics in rare cases can lead to malfunctions of the peripheral part of the vestibular analyzer, as well as the possible appearance of auditory or visual hallucinations.
- Violation of cellular respiration
It has been proven that taking antibacterial drugs has a strong negative effect on the process of oxygen delivery to human organs and tissues, disrupting their normal functioning.
In order to minimize the negative effects of taking antibiotics, you should follow a number of simple rules that are effective in preventing damage to health. These include:
- Antibiotics are taken exclusively as directed by a doctor.
The use of antibiotics is justified only in the case of diseases caused by bacterial infections. It should also be recalled that viral diseases are not treated with antibacterial drugs and their use to combat them is inappropriate.
- Keep a log of antibiotic intake
It should be recorded which drug was taken, for how long and for what disease it was prescribed. It is also necessary to record all side effects and manifestations of allergies. This information should be provided to the attending physician for a more accurate prescription of subsequent treatment.
- Strictly follow the schedule and rules for taking the drug
To maintain the optimal amount of antibiotic in the blood, it is necessary to observe equal intervals of time between its doses. Some drugs are taken before meals and others after. Detailed information about the peculiarities of use should be carefully studied and strictly observed.
- Take a full course of antibiotics
It is strictly forbidden to interrupt the drug intake after the first signs of improvement. The course of treatment must be completed completely.
- Do not try to adjust the dosage of the medication yourself
Taking antibiotics in insufficient quantities only increases the resistance of pathogens to the drug. And uncontrolled use and an increase in the amount of antibacterial drugs can lead to a number of negative consequences for human health.
- Make dietary adjustments
During the use of antibiotics, it is necessary to adhere to a sparing diet and give up fatty, fried, spicy, sour foods, as well as alcohol.
In order to minimize the negative consequences for human health from taking antibiotics, it is necessary to seriously revise your diet and introduce foods into it that improve the functioning of the digestive system and strengthen the immune system. These food products include:
- Fermented milk products containing probiotics
The introduction of foods rich in "live cultures" into the diet will allow the body to gently get rid of stool disorder (one of the most common companions of antibiotic use). Probiotics also help generate lactic acid, which helps eliminate bacterial toxins from the body.
- Fermented food
These are products obtained using the fermentation process. These include sauerkraut and various pickles. They are already partially processed by bacterial enzymes and are easily absorbed by the body. In addition, such food improves appetite, speeds up metabolism and boosts immunity.
- Garlic
Garlic is a food with strong antimicrobial properties that help fight bacterial infection. In addition, it contains substances that protect the kidneys and liver from possible damage by antibacterial drugs.
- Ginger
Ginger is known for its antimicrobial properties and its ability to prevent and treat many health problems associated with various infections. Fresh ginger has antibiotic properties against foodborne pathogens and respiratory infections. It is also effective in treating antibiotic-associated nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
In the summer, this problem is especially relevant. How to get rid of the effect of quickly getting dirty hair once and for all? The most effective ways are in this article.
Wash your hair less often
It may sound strange, but if you change the rhythm of shampooing, your hair will stay clean longer. Indeed, those who are used to washing their hair every day only contribute to the active work of the sebaceous glands on the head, which leads to rapid hair pollution. Overpower yourself and give up frequent shampooing. The optimal rhythm is 2-3 times a week, not more often. You will immediately notice the difference.
Discard head accessories
It is very easy for lovers to get rid of the unwanted effect of dirty hair in summer. It is enough just to give freedom to your hair. Try to give up head accessories for at least a week: you will immediately see the result. The head will sweat less, which means, the hair will stay clean longer. In addition, you will have the opportunity to experiment with different styling. Of course, while you were wearing a straw hat or a bandana, this was out of the question: after all, hats and styling are incompatible concepts. If you cannot live a day without your favorite cap or headscarf, try not to put them tightly on your head so that your hair can breathe and not lose its natural volume.
Change hair care products
A radical but very effective solution. If you have tried other methods, but they have not been effective, we advise you to completely rethink your hair care habits. Take a good look at the care products on your bathroom shelves. Are you mistakenly using the wrong hair type? It can be very helpful to completely renew your hair care products that are no longer beneficial to your hair due to frequent use. New beneficial ingredients in nourishing shampoos like Mythic Oil will "wake up" your hair, making it more attractive, and will give it the opportunity to look great, even a couple of days after shampooing.
Many losing weight faced a similar problem: at first, it seems, the weight is being lost intensively, but after a while the arrow of the scales literally "freezes" at a certain point and that's it - neither here nor there. Nutritionists have called this phenomenon the effect of a plateau in weight loss and know how to cope with the difficulties that have arisen.
The plateau effect, or dietary plateau, is a completely normal reaction of the body to changed loads or diet. In a similar way, the body's ability to adapt is manifested: in stressful situations, it changes its usual mode of activity in order to avoid threats to health and ensure survival.
For example, let's consider what happens if you cut your calorie intake drastically by going on a strict diet. Of course, at first the body will actively get rid of the accumulated deposits, using them as an additional source of energy. But then, having reached a certain "critical point", he will go into the "economy mode" and simply slow down the metabolism. This is how the adaptation mechanism works.
What will you observe at this time? First, of course, you will notice the much-desired weight loss. However, with the onset of that same "economy mode" you will see that the weight is "stuck" and no longer disappears. At this stage, the body adapted to the changes, found a way to maintain a balance between incoming energy and energy costs.
This is the plateau effect. Everyone who is losing weight is more or less susceptible to it, but it will be most noticeable for those who are trying to get rid of excess weight in too drastic ways, because the sharper the changes in the diet or physical activity, the more actively the body reacts to these changes and the stronger it is. "protection".
How to deal with the plateau effect?
To cope with a seemingly eternal stop in weight, you need to analyze what exactly led to it, and this will determine how you should act to move the weight off the "dead center". Usually, there are several situations typical for the appearance of a dietary plateau:
The diet is too strict and the amount of calories consumed is not enough even to ensure the metabolism in a calm state, not to mention the exertion;
Proteins and healthy fats are almost completely absent in the diet;
The menu consists of only one product (mono-diet).
To counter the plateau effect of a strict diet, try first to keep calories to a minimum by supplementing your diet with exercise. And then briefly change the way you distribute calories throughout the day, such as trying the BUC (Protein-Carbohydrate Rotation) diet. Such a small "shake-up" will help to re-start the mechanisms of weight loss and "come down" from the plateau.
If the plateau effect occurs due to the lack of proteins and healthy fats in the diet, then you need to introduce them. At the same time, do not be afraid that you will gain weight: protein foods will help to restore muscles, and healthy fats in the amount required by the body will "burn" without the slightest risk to the waist or hips. At the same time, the metabolism will "swing" and the body will continue to get rid of extra pounds with renewed vigor.
When it comes to the mono diet plateau, there is only one way to combat it - to stop the mono diet. On diets that involve the use of only one specific product, in general, you should not sit down for longer than a couple of days, maximum - for a week. If you stayed on any apple, kefir or cucumber diet for longer than required, gradually get out of it, and then choose a more balanced diet: even if you increase your weight slightly for a while, in the future, the rate of weight loss will return to the same or will even rise.
When diets are combined with exercise, the plateau effect can often be overcome by changing the exercise program or its intensity. It's no secret that the body gets used to certain exercises and level of load, which means that the usual activities need to be changed a little in order to feel the effectiveness of training again. So, try interval loads instead of the classic ones, or change your usual type of fitness, say, from yoga or Pilates, go to exercise on a stationary bike and vice versa.
The effect of a plateau in weight loss is a common phenomenon, however, as you can see, it is quite surmountable. And what in any case to do, if you notice that you have reached a plateau, is to give up. Do not let yourself be "blown away" by the fact that the efforts made temporarily do not give results: keep working on yourself and you will definitely achieve what you want!
"We need to eat less" - Maya Plisetskaya answered the question about the most effective diet. It is difficult to disagree with this. But what if you have extra pounds, but you don't have the strength to follow this "recipe"?
Many tend to explain the appearance of excess weight "nature" and heredity. Elena Alekseeva, doctor-somnologist of the highest category, City Clinical Hospital No. 40 recommends not to exaggerate the role of factors independent of a person:
- Less than 5% of people are overweight due to a genetic predisposition or hormonal disruption, in 95% - due to a discrepancy between the volume of consumption and calorie expenditure. The availability of food and comfort have played a cruel joke with us: today physical activity is reduced, food does not have to be obtained, there is no need to fight for it and even wait for the harvest - there is always food.
"The main cause of obesity and overweight is energy imbalance, in which the caloric content of the diet exceeds the energy requirements of the body," confirms Ksenia Chekelek, Chief Physician of the Ulutai Therapeutic Fasting Center... - Overweight is a relatively “young” problem: in the last 60 years, there is more food in developed countries than is really needed. Before that, being overweight was never considered a problem, because only a few suffered from it. We have evolved in the face of food shortages. Moreover, the use of sweet and fatty foods has always been evolutionarily beneficial for us, because this not only provided the calories the body needs, but also activated our reward system. Satisfaction of nutritional needs gives very lasting positive emotions.
In economically prosperous countries, the following trends are currently developing, contributing to an increase in the number of overweight people:
1. an increase in the consumption of foods with a high energy density and high content of simple carbohydrates and fat;
2. Decrease in the level of physical activity - the nature of work, modes of movement are changing. To put it simply, we all don't run out and overeat. "
In the same time Ms Chekelek not inclined to "discount" the predisposition to extra pounds:
- Our need for food depends on signals from the external and internal environment, hormonal levels, genes and individual history. Genetic, hereditary predisposition to excess weight also exists. People's tendency to be overweight is largely determined by a special gene known as FTO, which increases the risk of obesity by 1.7 times. Its owners are about 16% of the world's population. These people weigh on average 3 kg more than those without FTO. People with a tendency to be overweight lose weight in the same way as those who do not have such a gene. The researchers also made another important conclusion: the ability to lose excess weight does not depend on gender and ethnicity.
“Childhood obesity increases the likelihood of obesity in adulthood and, as a result, premature death and disability. In addition to the increased risk in the future, obese children also experience shortness of breath, are at increased risk of fractures, are prone to hypertension, early signs of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and may experience psychological problems, ”notes Ksenia Chekelek.
Extra pounds are more than an aesthetic problem
“They began to fight the problem of overweight long ago: it has been proven that extra pounds are not only difficulties with choosing clothes and self-awareness, but also a source of a whole bunch of diseases,” emphasizes Stanislav Tsap, Head of the Surgical Department of the EMC "UMMC-Health".- Obesity complicates the work of almost all internal organs and increases the risk of cancer, strokes, heart attacks, diabetes mellitus. Fat people live 8-15 years less, and their quality of life is much lower. "
Lyudmila Safonova, endocrinologist-obitologist, City Clinical Hospital No. 40, explains which organs and systems are disrupted due to extra pounds:
- Obesity is the most important risk factor contributing to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease), cholelithiasis, GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), osteoarthritis, malignant neoplasms. With obesity, reproductive function often suffers, lung diseases develop (sleep apnea syndrome, bronchial asthma), psychoemotional disorders are observed. It is believed that with obesity, the likelihood of death from cardiovascular disease increases fourfold and twice - from cancer.
Everyone knows the term "BMI" - body mass index. It is not difficult to calculate it. It is believed that if the result is more than 30 - this is obesity, more than 35 - weight threatens health, more than 40 - a real threat to life.
To identify the cause of obesity, patients are recommended to undergo a series of examinations. “To exclude the pathology of the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, deficiency of sex hormones, a study of the hormonal profile is being carried out; to exclude diabetes mellitus, predibet and insulin resistance - glucose tolerance test, the amount of glycohemoglobin, insulin (IRI), HOMA-index of insulin resistance is determined. During the reception, using questionnaires, eating disorders, the psychological state of the patient are revealed, "says Lyudmila Safonova, endocrinologist-obitologist, City Clinical Hospital No. 40... The doctor also determines the type of obesity, including establishing the component composition of the body - the volume of adipose tissue, muscle tissue and fluid.
How to get rid of excess: scalpel vs diet
Modern medicine offers various options for dealing with excess weight - both conservative and radical.
Elena Alekseeva:
- A simple, but, as experience shows, difficult recipe - a decrease in calorie intake and an increase in energy costs. The second option is medication: to reduce appetite with the help of special drugs, always under the supervision of a doctor. Hormonal correction is also possible. Finally, the most radical is bariatric surgery (obesity surgery). This method is recommended for BMI 35, if there is a complication of diseases and damage to organs and systems, and with morbid obesity (BMI over 40). As a rule, any method is used in combination with psychotherapy. Note that fashionable liposuction does not cure obesity: it allows you to remove subcutaneous fat in a specific area of the body for a certain period of time.
Making a decision about surgical intervention is not easy and hardly worth it without trying conservative methods. “The basis of the work of our center is the method of unloading and dietary therapy. This is not a way to lose weight. This is a way to cleanse, reboot not only the body, but also the consciousness, - saysKsenia Chekelek... - A guest with a problem of excess weight gets the opportunity to learn how to reduce their weight using different mechanisms. Living the experience of fasting, each person can be convinced that for some time he can do without food as the main source of energy. Completely different factors that were previously considered "optional" come to the fore: air, mountains, sun, river, pine forest and clear water. Here, familiar things take on a new meaning. The rhythm we have laid down helps to bring moderate physical activity into life, to feel the taste of simple food in a new way and the joy of creativity with our own hands. "
Elena Surkova, owner of the Sunrita spa:
- If a person wants to look great, have a good figure, do not rely on a magic pill - it does not exist. We are often asked the question: "How many kilograms will I lose weight after a course of massage?" Is the wrong approach.
When talking with clients who want to become slimmer, we first of all ask whether they are ready to follow a drinking regime and not overeat. Adhering to the principles of proper nutrition, making it tasty and healthy, learning how to cook such dishes is not a super difficult task. And it's very important not to treat food as taboo.
For those who are losing weight, it is very important to observe the drinking regime: 30 grams of water per 1 kg of body weight per day.
As for playing sports, a person who is far from regular physical activity should not immediately run to the gym - this is stress for the body. All you need to do is go for a walk, get a fitness bracelet and make sure you take 10 thousand steps a day. Moderate physical activity will also be beneficial, on the Internet you can find a lot of courses with sets of exercises that take 10-20 minutes.
If adherence to the drinking regimen, diet and long walks are supplemented with a course of massage with wraps, the effect will be very good: the skin will become smoother and tighter, cellulite will go away, and body volume will decrease. Plus, massage is a great tool for modeling a silhouette. However, it is wrong to guarantee the result in centimeters or kilograms - much depends on the initial data of the person and his actions.
Every second person comes to us with questions like: "Is it possible to lose weight three days - a week before the vacation, having gone through a set of procedures?", "Is it possible to do a set of procedures in a day?" You can, but the desired effect will not be. Time should pass between massage sessions and wraps, in this case, you can count on a greater and prolonged effect. And, of course, the "dumped" will come back if you don't change your lifestyle.
