There are hundreds of types of martial arts in the world, but it is in Asia that the most original of them are concentrated. Until now, people have resorted to the practice of martial arts to improve the level of physical and mental health, calmness and self-control. There are many types of art that we don't know much about, and they all look pretty bizarre on the outside.
1. Sumo
Sumo is perhaps the most popular sport in Japan, which is practiced only there, but is known throughout the world. The uniqueness of Sumo lies in the physical form of the wrestlers who not only train daily, but also absorb a huge amount of calories to gain both muscle and fat mass. In addition, sumo wrestlers are practically naked, and some of the techniques are similar to bullying, rather than wrestling.
2. Kushti
Kushti wrestlers also do not differ in their thin appearance. Despite this, they all adhere to an extremely strict diet and exercise regimen. The game takes place in a square pit covered with sand, and the goal of the game is to overwhelm your opponent. This martial art can only be found in India as a national sport.
3. Kalaripayattu
Another martial art that can only be seen in South India. The unique method of fighting is considered to be fundamental for all types of oriental martial arts. Opponents conduct battles using swords and shields. while the blows are delivered with tremendous force. Kalaripayattu has been practiced for over 6,000 years, and the number of defense and attack techniques is read in several hundred.
4. Taijiquan
Taijiquan is not a form of martial art aimed at defeating or destroying an opponent. This sport is very popular among the mature population of China, who are looking after their health. The art of Taijiquan allows you to find peace of mind and exercise at a slow pace with minimal harm to health. In addition, visually, they look very beautiful and even graceful.
5. Shaolin Quan
Buddhist monks also play sports, and they have their own national martial art that originated in Songshan Shaolin Monastery. The speed and lightning-fast reaction of the opponents, as well as the force with which the blows are delivered, are surprising. But with all this, the Shaolin Quan fighters are surprisingly calm inside and completely focused.
6. The martial arts of Bollywood
Bollywood is known for its films, but few people know that a unique martial art was born there, which is actively used in all films. The basis for its emergence was the staging of battle scenes. The fights are spectacular, and the fighters use techniques and maneuvers borrowed from other martial arts wasps around the world.
7. Wushu (Kung Fu)
China knows a lot about martial arts and Wushu is one of the most popular martial arts in the world. It is an ancient art form based on animal poses. In ancient times, the Chinese observed the posture of attacking or defending animals, and used their techniques in life. Thanks to Wushu, complete control of your body, quick reaction and amazing muscle strength is achieved. We often saw kung fu fighting from the Bruce Lee movies.
The ability to defend plays an important role in the history of every nation. Under the influence of natural, historical and cultural factors, many tactics of hand-to-hand combat were created and developed, each of which absorbed elements of the ethnic group of its country. Ways to strike and inflict pain on the enemy became more and more effective, and over the centuries the usual fight with stones and sticks turned into a real martial art.
We bring to your attention the 10 most dangerous martial arts in the world, each of which has gone beyond the country of origin and has become popular in many parts of the world.
10. Jiu-jitsu
This is a very effective and tough method of fighting, which appeared during street fights, and is now included in the list of sports disciplines.
9. Kazukenbo
This is an explosive mixture of boxing and karate. It arose in the first half of the twentieth century in Hawaii, as street wrestling. The aborigines thus defended themselves from the sailors and bandit groups who had arrived.
8. Capoeira
This method of fighting, included in the 10 most dangerous martial arts in the world, originated in Brazil during the time of slaves and their owners. Fugitive slaves defended themselves in this way from soldiers and slave traders. The fighting technique was so skillful that capoeira was legally banned. But the Brazilian blacks did not want to part with her, and this struggle continues to this day in the form of a dance with combat elements.
7. Sambo
This type of struggle emerged in the 20s of the twentieth century in the ranks of the Red Army, as self-defense without the use of improvised means. Sambo is a universal wrestling in which you can use not only arms and legs, but also elbows, knees, throws, jumps and suffocation techniques.
6. Bojuka
Bojuka is also one of the ten most dangerous fighting techniques in the world, since its use is aimed at a swift victory over a real enemy, and there are no specific rules and prohibitions in this martial art. It arose at the end of the last century and is actively used in the training of bodyguards.
5. Jeet Kune Do
Its creator is the legendary Bruce Lee. This is a mix of many combat techniques, aimed at maximum damage to the enemy in a minimum of time. In this way, Bruce Lee transformed pompous Chinese fighting techniques into effective street fighting.
4. Combat technique of the GRU special forces
It is used by special forces soldiers. There are no analogues of Russian martial art in any country in the world, therefore it is considered one of the most dangerous.
3. Muay Thai
This technique is certainly worthy of entering the top of the most brutal martial arts in the world. Everything is used in it: feet, knees, elbows, head.
2. Aikido
Perhaps each of us has heard about this martial art. But not everyone can skillfully master it, because aikido implies the ability to control human and earthly energy, redirect it in the right direction and fight without aggression and anger. To become a true professional in aikido, you need to learn the most ancient Eastern teachings and become spiritually enlightened, what at first glance is done very easily is achieved by incredible physical and spiritual efforts. In the arsenal of a professional, Aikido becomes the most dangerous weapon.
1. Bocator
This name translates as "fight with the lion." Originally from Southeast Asia, this fight owes its origin to observant men who copy the habits of animals during battle. Bocator, among other "animals" of martial arts, is considered the most dangerous, since, like Muay Thai, there are practically no prohibited techniques in it.
The list below consists of ten of the best martial arts for self-defense. If you are interested in choosing a single combat for the most effective defense, then you definitely need to read this rating to the end.
Kickboxing is a combat sport that originated in the United States in the 1960s. It is based on punches and kicks along with martial arts techniques (sweeps, throws, etc.). It has quite a few branches, the most famous of which is Muay Thai - roughly translated as "the art of eight limbs."
Karate is a Japanese martial art that uses precision-targeted, powerful punches and kicks at vital points of the body to crush an opponent. This sport was invented in 1929 by Funakoshi Gichin under the influence of the ideas of Zen Buddhism. In Karate, special emphasis is placed on evasion.
In eighth place in the ranking of the best martial arts for self-defense is Aikido - a Japanese martial art, the peculiarity of which is the use of throws and grabs. It was founded by Morihei Ueshiba between the 30s and 60s of the 20th century. Aikido focuses on using the opponent's strength against himself. It is considered one of the most difficult Japanese martial arts to master.
Wing Chun is a Chinese martial art that uses a variety of martial techniques. It is for this reason that it is considered an applied direction of wushu. It is characterized by effective escapes from the line of attack, complemented by instant, straight-line attacks at very close range. Often the fight ends with knee and elbow strikes. An experienced fighter with the Wing Chun style is capable of inflicting up to eight blows per second on the enemy.
Jiu Jitsu is the most versatile style on this list. This is a real hybrid, which includes elements of wrestling, hard punches, choke techniques, locks, etc. Jiu-jitsu belongs to one of the oldest types of Japanese wrestling. The main principle of jiu-jitsu is not to go into direct confrontation, but to yield to the onslaught of the opponent, directing his actions in the right direction until he is trapped, and then turn the strength and actions of the enemy against him.
Jeet Kune Do was created by Bruce Lee and translated from Chinese means "the way of the leading fist." Today, this style of martial arts is considered one of the most popular in the world. It is taught in many countries. However, Bruce Lee himself did not call Jeet Kune Do “style”, but preferred to call it “method”. According to his philosophy, the Jeet Kune Do method can be used in any kind of martial arts. Here the emphasis is on hitting speed and combination.
The fourth place in the list of the best martial arts for self-defense is boxing. I think that almost everyone knows that a boxer has the fastest, strongest and most accurate punch compared to a trained fighter with any other martial art.
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is a martial art, which is an international combat sport, the basis of which is wrestling in the ground, as well as painful and suffocating techniques. This art is based on the principle that a person of an underdeveloped physique can successfully defend himself and defeat a more powerful opponent using the appropriate technique (painful holds and strangulation).
Keysi Fighting Method (KFM) is a self-defense system based on the development of human natural instincts and a number of techniques taken from the arsenal of boxing and street fighting. KFM is based on a small arsenal of techniques adapted to a specific situation. The system was created in 1957 by the Spaniard Justo Dieguez and the Englishman Andy Norman, both of whom are Jeet Kune Do instructors.
The best martial art for self-defense is Krav Maga, an Israeli martial art developed by Imi Lichtenfeld for self-defense purposes. In Krav Maga, there are no exact rules and there is no distinction between training for men and women. The system is not considered a sport, it does not have a specific dress code and competition, although some organizations, as they learn, award different levels and emblems. All techniques focus on maximum effectiveness under real-world conditions, as well as natural reflexes, simple movements and aggressive defensive techniques. The main principles of Krav Maga are: do not get injured, quickly neutralize the attacker, quickly switch from defensive to offensive techniques, use body reflexes, as well as enemy vulnerabilities, use any available object.
Martial arts - various systems of martial arts and self-defense of different, often East Asian origin; developed mainly as a means of hand-to-hand combat. Currently, they are practiced in many countries of the world mainly in the form of sports exercises, with the aim of physical and conscious improvement.
Classification
Martial arts are subdivided into directions, types, styles and schools. There are both quite old martial arts and new ones.
- Martial arts are divided into wrestling, drums and oriental martial arts(includes not only the study of techniques, but also the philosophy of combat and life).
- With or without weapons. Martial arts with the use of weapons include: all types of shooting, throwing knives, darts, etc., knife and stick fighting, fencing (foil, saber), various oriental martial arts (for example, wushu, kung fu, kendo) using nunchaku, poles, sabers and swords. Unarmed martial arts include all others, in which only different parts of the arms, legs and head are used.
- Types of wrestling by country(national). Each nation has its own types of martial arts.
Let's consider the most famous of them.
- Japanese karate, ju-jutsu (ju-jitsu), judo, aikido, sumo, kendo, kudo, iaido, kobujutsu, nunchaku-jutsu, ninjutsu (a comprehensive system of training medieval Japanese spies, including hand-to-hand combat, disguise, learning ninja, methods etc.).
- Chinese wushu and kung fu. In addition, in China there are also various styles that imitate the behavior of animals, birds, insects, as well as a style that imitates the behavior of a drunk person ("drunkard" style).
- Korean hapkido, taekwondo (taekwondo).
- Thailand muay thai or thai boxing.
- Russians sambo and combat sambo, hand-to-hand combat.
- European boxing, French boxing (savat), freestyle and Greco-Roman (classical) wrestling.
- Brazilian capoeira, jiu-jitsu.
- Israeli Krav Maga.
- Mixed views... MMA (mixfight), K-1, kickboxing, grappling are mixed types, techniques in which are taken from other martial arts and martial arts.
- Olympic types of single combats... Some of the types of wrestling, martial arts and martial arts are included in the program of the Olympic Games. These include boxing, freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling, judo, taekwondo, various types of shooting.
The difference between martial arts and martial arts
All sports martial arts differ from real martial arts in that they are always aimed at fighting with one person (which is why they are called martial arts), who is always an honest and good athlete, and always acts within the framework of certain predetermined clearly agreed rules.
Also, in combat sports, there is most often a division by weight category, weapons, dastardly techniques and the effect of surprise are not used there, as well as techniques that can very seriously injure a person.
But naturally, in a real battle on the street, such excellent combat conditions are rare. There can be attacked by three of them, they can put a knife to the throat, or even strike from behind without warning in advance, so let's try to further discuss more effective and applied types of martial arts.
Aikido
This self-defense system was created by the master Morihei Ueshiba (1883-1969) based on one of the directions of jiu-jitsu. Certain aikido techniques were borrowed from the so-called Chinese wushu. soft styles, where the vector of application of force to the enemy coincides with the direction of movement of the enemy himself. The fundamental difference between aikido and other martial arts is the lack of offensive techniques. The main sequence of the fighter's actions boils down to grabbing the opponent's hand or wrist, throwing him to the ground and already here, with the help of a painful hold, finally neutralize him. Aikido movements usually follow a circular path.
There are no competitions or championships in aikido. Nevertheless, it is very popular as the art of self-defense and quickly incapacitating the enemy. Like karate and judo, aikido is widespread outside Japan, including in Russia.
American kick boxing
Another type of boxing is "American kickboxing" according to the legend, its name and even the development of the fighting style is prescribed to the famous actor and naturally multiple champion in kickboxing Chuck Noris. Kickboxing is translated almost literally as "Kicking and punching."
Because kickboxing has become a mixture of martial arts wushu, English boxing, muay thai, karate and taekwondo. Ideally, fights should take place at full strength and at all levels, that is, kicks and punches are allowed at full strength throughout the body. This allows kickboxers to become quite dangerous opponents both in the ring and outside it, but nevertheless, this is a sports system and it was not initially sharpened for street fighting.
English boxing and French boxing
Although that modern English boxing, which we know, since about 1882, was recognized in its former form as hazardous to health and began to be conducted according to the rules known today, which finally reduced its combat effectiveness. But after this time, a bunch of similar combat "boxing" systems from different countries of the world have become known.
Of the most famous types of boxing, the French boxing "Savat" was once generally one of the best street fighting systems in Europe.
Savat is a European martial art, also known as "French boxing", characterized by effective punching technique, dynamic kicking technique, mobility and subtle strategy. Savat has a long history: this martial art originated as a synthesis of the French school of street hand-to-hand fighting and English boxing; in 1924 he was included in the Olympic Games in Paris as a demonstration sport.
Greco-Roman wrestling
Classic wrestling is a European type of martial arts in which two participants come together in a fight. The main task of each athlete is to put his opponent on his shoulder blades with the help of a number of different elements and techniques. The main difference between Greco-Roman wrestling and other similar martial arts is the prohibition on the implementation of any techniques with feet (trips, holds, sweeps, etc.). Also, you cannot do leg grabs.
Judo
Judo in translation from Japanese means "soft way". This is a modern combat sport originally from the Land of the Rising Sun. The main judo are throws, painful holds, holds and strangles. Judo is based on the principle of unity of mind and body and differs from other martial arts by the lesser use of physical strength when performing various technical actions.
Professor Jigoro Kano founded judo in 1882, in 1964 judo entered the program of the Summer Olympic Games. Judo is a codified sport in which the mind controls body movements; it has the most pronounced educational character in the Olympic program. In addition to competitions, judo includes the study of technique, kata, self-defense, physical fitness and the development of the spirit. Judo as a sports discipline is a modern and progressive form of physical activity. The International Judo Federation (IJF) includes 200 affiliated national federations on five continents. More than 20 million people practice judo, a sport that combines parenting and physical activity. IJF organizes over 35 events annually.
Jujutsu
Jiu-jitsu is a general name used for a combat system that is almost impossible to describe clearly. This is hand-to-hand combat, in most cases, without the use of weapons, and only in some cases - with weapons. Jiu-jitsu techniques include kicking, punching, throwing, holding, blocking, choking and tying, as well as using certain types of weapons. Jiu-jitsu relies not on brute strength, but on dexterity and dexterity. Application of minimal effort to achieve maximum effect. This principle allows anyone, regardless of their physical shape or physique, to control and use their energy with the greatest efficiency.
Capoeira
(Capoeira) - Afro-Brazilian national martial art, a synthesis of dance, acrobatics and games, all accompanied by national Brazilian music. According to the generally accepted version, capoeira originated in South America in the 17th and 18th centuries.
But nevertheless, experts still argue about the homeland and the time of the emergence of such a unique art. No one knows exactly where it came from, who was the founder of the ancient skill and, like capoeira, has achieved rapid popularity from century to century.
There are several main hypotheses for its origin:
- The African zebra dance, which was common among local tribes, became the prototype of the militant movements.
- Capoeira is a fusion of ancient cultures - Latin American and African dances.
- A slave dance that gradually developed into a martial art. It is associated with the landing of Europeans on the continent and the birth of the slave trade.
Karate
Karate ("the path of the empty hand") is a Japanese martial art that offers different ways of fighting with your hands and several techniques with the use of weapons, including edged weapons. In this single combat, grabs and throws are not used. The main principle is speed and speed, and the main task is to maintain the main stance for a long time. Therefore, first of all, balance plays a role in karate.
Kendo
During sports fights, fencers hold resilient bamboo swords, and their head, chest and arms are covered with special training armor. For purely executed strikes on certain parts of the opponent's body, the participants in the fight are awarded points.
Currently, kendo is not only a popular sport, but is also an integral part of the physical education program of Japanese schools.
Kobudo
The term "kobudo" in translation from Japanese means - "ancient military way". The original name is "kobujutsu" - "ancient martial arts (skills)". Under this term, the arts of possession of various types of eastern types of cold weapons are represented today.
Currently, there is a division of kobudo into two autonomous independent directions:
- Nihon-kobudo is a direction combining systems common on the main islands of Japan and using in their arsenal edged weapons of samurai origin and weapons from the ninjutsu arsenal.
- Kobudo (other names Ryukyu-kobudo and Okinawa-kobudo) is a direction that unites systems originating from the islands of the Ryukyu archipelago (modern Okinawa prefecture, Japan) using in the arsenal of tools (objects) of the peasant and fishing use of the inhabitants of these islands.
Sambo
Sambo belongs to the unique types of martial arts that have spread all over the world. It has become the only type of sports where international communication is held in Russian. There are two types of sambo, the first of which is combat, used to protect and disable the enemy. The second type of this struggle is sports sambo, which contributes to the development of personal characteristics, hardens the character and the body, and allows to develop self-control and discipline.
Sumo
Sumo rules are very simple: to win, it is enough either to force the opponent to lose balance and touch the ring with any part of the body except the feet, or simply push him out of the ring. Usually the outcome of a fight is decided in a few seconds. The accompanying ceremonies can take much longer. The wrestlers are dressed only in a special loincloth.
In ancient times, sumo champions were venerated as saints; according to Japanese beliefs, the fighters, shaking the earth, not only make it more fertile, but also scare away evil spirits; Sumo wrestlers were sometimes hired to "drive disease" out of wealthy homes and even entire cities.
Therefore, such attention is paid to the weight of the wrestler (there are no weight categories in sumo). Since ancient times, a variety of diets and exercises have been preserved that allow you to most effectively gain maximum weight. The age of professional wrestlers ranges between 18 and 35 years old. Most of the sumo champions become popular idols.
Thailand boxing
Muay Thai was developed as a military and army martial art, the fighters of which, with and without weapons, had to enter the personal guard of the king and actually confront entire armies of the outnumbered enemy on the battlefield.
But today, like the previous sports martial arts, Muay Thai has undergone a pretty strong change towards the sport, it has also changed the modern rules that have become much more loyal and made this super-tough and even deadly martial art an order of magnitude less effective.
Although in more closed schools and even sects, even outside Thailand, which also teach Thai boxing, there are still people teaching more effective forms of it.
Taekwondo (taekwondo, taekwondo)
Taekwondo is a Korean martial art. Its characteristic feature is that the legs are used more actively in the fight than the arms. In taekwondo, both straight kicks and kicks with a turn can be applied with equal speed and force. The martial art of taekwondo is over 2000 years old. Since 1955, this single combat has been considered a sport.
Wushu
Literally translated as martial art. This is the general name for traditional Chinese martial arts, more often called kung fu or Chinese boxing in the west. There are many different directions, wushu, which are conventionally divided into external (waijia) and internal (neijia). Outside, or hard, styles require the fighter to be in good physical shape and spend a lot of physical energy during training. Indoor or soft styles require a lot of focus and flexibility.
As a rule, the philosophical basis of external styles is Ch'an Buddhism, and internal ones - Taoism. The so-called monastic styles are traditionally external and originate from Buddhist monasteries, one of which is the famous Shaolin Monastery (founded about 500 BC), where the Shaolin Quan style was formed, which influenced the development of many styles of Japanese karate.
Which martial art to choose?
The choice of activities depends primarily on your preferences and physical characteristics. Talitsa will help determine your body type and the appropriate type of struggle for this correspondence. Keep in mind, however, that only general guidelines are provided. Learning martial arts is a long process, during which your body will get used to, adapt to new conditions and gain experience in the martial arts that you choose.
Ectomorph
Tai Chi Chuan (Tai Chi Chuan)
This graceful non-offensive Chinese martial arts emphasizes stability, balance, balance and is ideal for thin people. A set of controlled, fluid movements will train all of your muscles to work together and in harmony. Do not confuse tai chi chuan and tai chi, which is offered in fitness clubs. Real schools are more challenging and allow their students to master many different weapons, including the double-edged sword.
This Chinese style is also called kung fu. There are over 300 varieties of wushu. Of these, Wing Chun (yunchun, "eternal spring") is suitable for people with a lack of weight and size. This style allows a small, lighter person to defeat a larger opponent by affecting sensitive areas of the body that are not protected by muscles (eyes, throat, groin, knees and specific nerve points). No particular flexibility is required as most of the shots are delivered low (kneecaps or shins).
Taekwondo (taekwondo, taekwondo)
It is desirable for this Korean martial arts to be lean, light and loose, as it is best known for its vast variety of high impact kicks. This fighting style relies more on feet than fists. Strikes to the head are common, so you should at least be able to raise your leg to the same height as your opponent's face. In class, you need to be prepared for the fact that you will receive a couple of painful blows, but in general, contacts are not very violent. In addition, taekwondo learners do not only train in battles with each other, as it is a type of martial arts where breaking boards and bricks with hands and feet is part of the training regimen.
Mesomorph
Aikido
Aikido does not focus on exhausting punches and kicks. The main focus is on using the opponent's own energy against himself, in order to incapacitate him (using locks on the wrist or grab his hands) or knock him back. This style is easier for people with an athletic build, as most offensive movements are more effective when the muscles are well developed. Also, unlike most martial arts, which requires you to complete 10 ranks before getting a black belt, this Japanese martial arts only has 6 levels.
Kendo
A Japanese martial art that allows you to wield a bamboo sword, dress like a samurai, and repeatedly stab your opponent in the neck and head. It sounds menacing, but in this combat, the body is protected by armor, similar to knightly armor, which minimizes damage. Speed, strong shoulders and arms are essential attributes of sword fighters, so a lean, muscular physique is ideal.
Muay Thai (Thai boxing)
Thai martial art with full contact with the opponent. Instead of just using fists and legs, the opponent is hit with a series of punches to the elbows and knees. Most suitable for people of athletic build with developed muscles around the joints. Those wishing to master this type of martial arts should be prepared for early retirement, since serious practitioners have a rather short career (4-5 years maximum).
Endomorph
Judo
A Japanese martial art that aims to upset an opponent's balance and throw them onto the carpet. Stocky people have an advantage in him when performing defensive maneuvers, as the extra weight helps to stand more stable in the ring. The onset of breathlessness will not be a problem in the initial stages of training, which are devoted to improving grips, maneuvers, and how to fall correctly. To reach a more advanced level, you will need to develop endurance.
Karate
Based on a combination of cultures (with roots in both Japan and Okinawa), karate is also a mixture of different martial techniques. Students learn how to fight with hands, several techniques with the use of weapons, including nunchucks. Although grabs and throws are not used in this combat, stocky people benefit from a more solid and stable position, which gives more power to their punches and blocks. Most varieties of karate are worth choosing, but if you are afraid of pain then be careful with styles that include kenpo, kempo, American freestyle, full contact in the name.
Shorinji-kempo
This boxing style of karate is more suitable for large people for several reasons. Firstly, he uses a series of punches, like in boxing, where stability in the ring due to a powerful physique is more important than strong fists. A strong physique will also be useful for mastering the techniques of dodging the opponent's punches. Punching will require flexibility, but punching is usually no higher than the waist.
Jiu-jitsu (jujutsu)
This Japanese technique combines many dangerous offensive and defensive techniques. This type of single combat is merciless, since it was originally developed to train an unarmed person to neutralize an armed soldier. It will be easier to master jiu-jitsu for those who are accustomed to loads, have endurance and flexibility.
In addition to the well-known types of martial arts, in the world there are and are still developing martial practices that are much less well-known, but no less effective from this.
Taing. Burma
Taing is perhaps the most synthetic martial art. This type of martial arts has incorporated ideas about human behavior in battle of numerous peoples inhabiting modern Myanmar. Each tribe had a sacred animal, and it was according to its behavior that the fighting style was formed. The Nang and Ravang tribes have a sacred animal - a boar, the Nagis worship a black monkey, a tiger and a wild boar, in the Meras tribe a sacred animal is a tiger, and a deer - in the Wee tribe.
Taing was formed for a long time and still does not stop changing. Having absorbed the "animal" styles, the taing afterwards seriously changed, it was influenced by the influence of Buddhism with its principle of non-violence - ahimsa. Taing also adopted philosophical principles from Buddhism. The art of combat has become defensive. The technique has changed accordingly.
At present, the evolution of the taing continues. Along with the development of sports taing, in Myanmar itself there are still schools that follow their traditions. Schools for tigers, boars and black monkeys.
Krav Maga. Israel
There are no philosophical postulates in Krav Maga. This is an application system. There are no forbidden techniques, rules for conducting a fight. This combat system is aimed at instantly neutralizing the enemy, without the traditional boxing "shuttles" and unnecessary waste of time.
Invented in the 30s of the twentieth century by Imi Lichtenheld (he trained the Jewish community in Bratislava), it eventually became the main Israeli military system. Today Krav Maga is a compulsory study in the Israeli army and police. Military specialists from other countries also come to study. Krav Maga techniques are simple and reliable. There is no quirkiness and beauty of oriental martial arts in them. The main goal is to disarm, neutralize.
Even Krav Maga classes are not conducted in traditional kimono or sportswear. Pupils are engaged with their daily clothes, putting on protection only for tough sparring. It becomes necessary - there are no rules. Comedians joke that if a Krav Maga competition were held, the winner would go to the intensive care unit, the silver medalist would be taken away in a wheelchair, the third place would immediately go to the cemetery.
During training, loud music can play, smoke starts up, explosions can be simulated. All this allows students to adapt to the stressful load. In real combat, there should be no glitches due to external factors.
Mallakhamb. India
From the outside, the art of mallakhamb ("yoga on a pole") resembles polli-dance. However, since ancient times, Mallakhamb has been part of the Indian military system. According to legend, the monkey god Hanuman passed on the knowledge of the fight against the pillar to people. Thus, the pillar at mallakhamba is nothing more than an adversary. In addition to the pole, a rope is also used during training, on which asanas are also performed. Each element of mallakhamba requires increased concentration, proper breathing, strong ligaments and muscles.
Mallakhamb is still part of the training program of the Indian army units. It is a comprehensive system for the development of combat skills, tenacity, endurance and flexibility.
Varzeeshe zurkhane. Iran
The martial art of the Persians, which is more than 3000 years old, varzeesh zurkhane is also a type of national education of real Iranian warriors. Those who practice varzeshe-zurkhane are called pakhlevans (Persian bogatyr). Classes are held in the "house of power" - zurkhan, in a round depression surrounded by benches. Since ancient times, such "pits" have been used by pakhlevan in order to provide temperature control during training. Today it is more of a tribute to tradition.
The main equipment for training Iranian warriors are two clubs. They vary in weight. From three to 180 kilograms. Pakhlevans perform various (mainly swinging) movements with them. Training in this type of wrestling is imbued with ritual. It includes a warm-up, a ritual dance. All this is accompanied by Persian music with rhythmic drum accompaniment. Leads classes Morshed and Miandor. These two people are the main ones in the "house of power". Morshed announces the beginning of classes, reads a prayer, the miandor shows the movements to the pakhlevans.
Arnis. Philippines
Filipinos are renowned martial artists. This applies to both traditional types - such as boxing (Manie Pacquiao), and national ones. The Filipino people have developed a unique combat system in which quite everyday things are used as weapons - sticks and knives. It's called arnis.
Over the long centuries of development, a strict system of practices was formed in Arnis, which also absorbed external influences. So, the colonial period of the Philippines made it possible to include sections of Spanish fencing destreza in arnis. Arnis is still developing today.
Arnis movement exercises are carried out on special triangles with a side of the corners of 40 centimeters. This allows students to develop an intuitive sense of distance well, instills the skill of leaving the line of impact.
There are 12 basic nodes in Arnis. Each of the nodes has its own attack, its own system of defense, disarmament and counterattack. Arnis strikes are carried out on ligaments and painful areas. The purpose of the fight is to disarm and neutralize the enemy.
There is also a system of fighting with bare hands in Arnis, however, unlike the same aikido, where the use of weapons is rather an optional discipline, in Arnis training begins with weapons (sticks baston, muton and topado) and knives, and then the student is taught to fight with bare hands.
