What is the name of the game of tug of war. Pulling ropes: choosing the right one

We help you to get acquainted with an amazing sport on the eve of the Russkiy Mir festival.

On June 30, the Russian World festival will take place in Sergiev Posad. One of the many sports disciplines in Russia was tug of war. Everyone will be able to plunge into the atmosphere of ancient fun at the festival and watch with their own eyes the interesting competitions. That being said, tug-of-war is not child's play. "I Live by Sport" tells five facts that will surprise you.

A bit of mysticism

Initially, tug-of-war had little to do with sports. Many peoples of Asia viewed the current independent sports discipline as an irresistible component in the fight against dark forces. The opposing sides usually symbolized good and evil. There were other variations, for example, one team - rain; the second is drought. Thus, our ancestors tried to predict the future. If a team representing evil forces won, then trouble awaited.

Olympic sport

The tug of war reached a serious level at the beginning of the last century. Discipline was in the program of the first Olympics for twenty years. Unfortunately, there were not many participants then, but the historical precedent itself speaks of the huge potential of this sport in the future.

The tug of war was featured in five Olympics from 1900 to 1920. Back then, this discipline was dominated by British athletes. Surely they would have competed with the Russian heroes, but then our ancestors did not take part in the Olympics.

Several years ago, tug-of-war was seriously considered by the IOC as a sport that could be returned to the Olympic program in the near future.

Weak attention in Russia

Unfortunately, Russia did not immediately pay attention to this sports discipline forgetting about the traditions of the people. In the USSR, tug-of-war competitions were an integral part of the All-Union Olympics. Winning a prize at a tournament in the Union was not an easy task. Medals at Soviet tournaments could be equated with world awards. Traditions have been broken, but in the past ten years the situation has been gradually improving.

Officially, only in 2006 was tug of war recognized as a sport. Russian athletes from that moment on, they began to perform not only at domestic tournaments, but also at world starts.

School subject and intangible heritage

In Asia, by contrast, there is a tug-of-war cult. This sport has never been forgotten. In some countries, such as Taiwan, tug-of-war is a school curriculum. In Asia, sports events are still held with religious overtones. It is considered that sport competitions at the beginning of the year increase the likelihood of a successful harvest.

In Vietnam, Cambodia, Korea and the Philippines, the tug of war is an official World Heritage Site.

Dangerous injury

At first glance, tug-of-war seems like a harmless sport, but it’s not at all. With the wrong technique and without training, you can get serious injuries if you immediately compete at a serious level. First of all, the hands are affected. The most important limb hazard is when the cable breaks. That is why it is very important to pull only the special rope designed for this load. Special tug ropes can withstand up to 1000 kilograms of the participants' combined weight. It is not recommended even for amateur tournaments to use household ropes and other budget analogs.

You can compete safely and in good company at the Russkiy Mir festival! We invite you to spend time at the holiday of the Russian people! In one day, you will renew the centuries-old traditions in your memory, take part in unusual sports competitions and learn the taste of real ancient Russian cuisine. Isn't that enough? !

Tug of war- one of the sports in which two teams (8 people of a certain weight category) measure their strength on a site with a length of at least 36 meters, pulling a rope (length - 33.5 m, circumference - 10-12.5 cm) with several marks : central and two side, located 4 meters from it. Before the start of the competition, the center mark is placed over the line drawn on the ground, and after the judge's signal, each of the teams begins to pull the rope in their direction.

This sport originated in ancient times, and at first it was a part of the religious ceremonies of various cults. Information about the conduct of actions of this kind has been found in many countries of the world: in India, Korea, Burma, New Guinea, African and American countries, Hawaii and New Zealand.

Over time, the tug of war lost its mystical meaning, and became one of the types team sports... On the walls of one of the tombs found in the Sahara, an image of this type of competition was found. In Europe, there are also many references to competitions of this kind, the most ancient of which dates back to 1000 AD. As the legends say, it was then that the "Games of Power" were held - sports competitions in which athletes from Germany and Scandinavia could demonstrate their prowess in many disciplines, including tug-of-war. In the 15th century, this type of competition was very popular in Great Britain and France, where it was called "tug-of-war" or "rope shooting" (fr. Tir à la corde), and in the 19th century - in Russia (especially among sailors).

From 1900 to 1920, tug of war was included in the list of Olympic sports, initially as an athletic discipline, and from 1912 as a separate sport. Later, due to the decrease in the number of participants, the tug of war was excluded from the Olympic register, which, however, did not lead to the loss of the position of this sport.

At first, tug of war was part of the athletics association, but later there was a need to create independent organizations, since the athletic associations paid too little attention to the development of this sport. In 1933, an independent tug-of-war association appeared in Sweden, in 1958 an organization of this kind was created in England, in 1959 - in the Netherlands, and a year later, on the initiative of George Heaton (chairman of the Association of Great Britain), the International Tug-of-War Federation ( Tug of War International Federation, TWIF).

The first international competitions in this sport ("Baltic Games") took place in 1964 in Malm (Sweden), and a year later the first European Championship was organized in London, which took place regularly until 1975, when, after non-European countries joined TWIF, the first world tug of war championship. Since 1981, this sport has been included in the program of the World Games.

Our ancestors viewed the tug of war as a symbol of the struggle of mystical forces. This is indeed the case. For example, in Burma, before the rainy season, a tug of war was held, with one team symbolizing drought, the other a saving downpour. Competitions of this kind could also be a symbolic display of the struggle between good and evil (held during funeral ceremonies), bad weather and good weather, fertility and sterility of the earth, etc. Nowadays, this sport has practically lost its mystical meaning, however, echoes of traditional rituals still exist in some places. For example, the Eskimos at spring festivals during the tug-of-war are divided into groups according to the time of birth: people born in autumn and winter compete with those who saw the light in spring or summer.

In ancient times, there were many types of tug-of-war. Indeed, there was a huge variety of drag styles and equipment used. For example, the inhabitants of Afghanistan used a board during the competition, and in Korea they held their hands to the belt of the person in front (as a result of this, the people with the strongest grip became the team captains - after all, it was they who served as a link with the opposing team). And the Eskimos of Canada competed in seated tug-of-war, and one on one. Nowadays, in some countries, competitions of this kind are also held according to the rules that differ slightly from the generally accepted ones. For example, in Russia during the Maslenitsa celebration, the competing teams are not facing, but with their backs to each other. In the province of Gyeongsangnam-do (South Korea), at traditional festivals for competitions, a rope is used with a diameter of 1.4 m, weight - 54.5 kg, length - 251 m. Weight of equipment used during the All-Russian summer rural sports games, is 720 kg. And in the city of Naha (Okinawa Prefecture, Japan) for 400 years in a row, many people have been happy to take part in the "big holidays" of the city, and one of them is accompanied by a tug-of-war, consisting of two parts, called "male" and "female" related to each other. In 2004, thousands of residents and tourists participated in the tug of this 200-meter rope weighing 40 tons, divided into "east" and "west" sides. In total, this event, entered in the Guinness Book of Records, gathered about 400 thousand participants and spectators. A lighter rope (3 tons), but having a length of a kilometer, was created in 2008 for a symbolic competition dedicated to the Beijing Olympics. 2008 people (students, TV announcers and pop stars) took part in the competition, which took place on January 9 in Changsha (Huan province, China).

The rules for tug of war were developed at the beginning of the last century. No, the ordering of this kind of competition started much earlier. For example, back in the 15th century, teams were made up of the same number of people of equal weight.

The victory in the competition will go to the team that will drag the center mark to its side by at least one meter. This is not entirely true - in order to win the competition, the stronger team needs to pull the rope until the line drawn on the ground is crossed by the side mark on the opponent's side (i.e. the rope will have to be pulled at least 4 meters ). Also, a victory is awarded to a team if any of the opponents falls or sits down (this state of affairs is called a "foul").

In order to successfully compete in tug-of-war competitions, tenacious and strong hands should be developed. Strong upper limbs are important, but not the only factor. People who want to achieve victory in this sport must be harmoniously developed - the strength and endurance of the muscles of the feet, hips, back and especially the forearms are important. You also need good coordination of movements and the ability to repeatedly transfer maximum power load (after all, the duration of one round (pool) is 10 minutes, the match consists of 3 pools, and during the competition, which usually lasts only one day, such matches can be from 16 to 20 ). The athlete's resistance to stress is no less important. Therefore, training in this sport is very diverse, and is a combination of strength exercises, cross training, endurance exercises and the development of reaction speed with tactical and psychological training.

Only athletes of a certain height and build can participate in the tug-of-war. No, growth in this sport is not decisive. And the weight of an athlete in a particular team can be almost any. The fact is that when determining the weight category, the weight of all team members is taken into account, and not each individual player. Therefore, people of different constitutions can act as part of one team. But if the team is formed, and at some point you have to look for a replacement for one of the players, close attention will really be paid to the weight of the newcomer.

The best system for tug of war is knockout. It is she who is used during the passage of international championships. In competitions in this sport, two systems are used: round robin and elimination. The advantage of the knockout system is that it allows a large number of teams to take part in the competition. However, a serious drawback of this system is the elimination of inexperienced teams at the very beginning of the competition, as a result of which the juniors gain almost no experience and may lose interest in this sport. The circular system presupposes the struggle of each team with all other participants, but in the case of building competitions according to this system, no more than 10 teams can take part in them. However, it is the circular system that is gaining increasing popularity in competitions of various kinds, since it allows a more objective assessment of the capabilities of athletes, and also enables inexperienced athletes to gain experience. Both the National and World Tug-of-War Championships are held in a round robin system with a knockout system applied only in the national finals.

Athletes participating in the tug-of-war competition do not wear any protective gear. This is not entirely true. In addition to the usual sports uniform (sports shirt, shorts and knee-highs), athletes can wear protective belts ("sportsman-anchor" - special protective equipment, the thickness of which does not exceed 5 cm), provided that these devices are hidden under the competitors' clothes. Hooks, gloves or any other device that reduces hand slipping is prohibited.

The shoes worn by athletes must not have any metal parts. Yes, when it comes to indoor competitions. In this case, the soles of athletes' shoes must be either rubber or from another material that provides adhesion to the floor surface, but does not lead to its destruction. If the competition is held outdoors, shoes with metal heels can be used, provided that the thickness of the metal does not exceed 6.5 mm, and it does not protrude beyond the lower part of the heel and the sole as a whole. But equipping shoes with a metal toe or spikes fixed on the sole is prohibited.

In order to get a tighter grip on the rope, athletes use various substances that prevent the palms from sliding. During tug-of-war competition, athletes may only apply rosin (a vitreous substance obtained from the resin of coniferous trees) to their palms. The use of any other substances that facilitate capture is prohibited.

Rope marking should be as static as possible. Misconception. The marks (most often - colored braid) are fixed so that in case of pulling or shortening of the rope, they can be easily moved to the desired place.

Tug of war is a team sport. Most often this is true, the standard number of athletes in a team is 8 people. However, sometimes competitions are held between teams of 4 people, and among people involved in bodybuilding and arm wrestling, one-on-one competitions are becoming more and more popular.

Tug-of-war is an easy-to-learn sport. And it is not always possible to work at full strength - no one will notice. Completely erroneous opinion. Experienced athletes say that only after several months of regular training a person begins to understand how to pull the rope correctly, which muscles should be used as much as possible, how to calculate their efforts so as not to "fizzle out" after the first round of competition. And it is simply impossible to quietly loosen the grip during the competition - it will not be possible to hide it from the team members.

If a competitor falls, his team loses. Yes, however, in the event that the athlete who falls or touches the ground with his knee immediately jumps to his feet, the violation (foul) will not be counted.

In Russia, tug-of-war has long been a very popular sport; it was included in the official register at the beginning of the last century. This is not entirely true. In Russia, competitions of this kind were often accompanied by various holidays and festivities, and were especially popular among sailors. In the USSR, tug-of-war competitions were included in the program of sports events (regional and all-Union). However, neither Olympic Games ah, held at the beginning of the last century, athletes from the Soviet Union did not compete in this discipline, nor did they take part in international tug-of-war competitions for a long time. Yes, and the official recognition in the USSR, and after - in Russia, the mentioned sport had to wait for a long time. The first regional Federation of Tug-of-War was created in Leningrad only in 1992, at the same time the Russian Cup was held, and a year later the first Russian championship in this sport was held in the city on the Neva. All-Russian Federation tug of war appeared in 2004, in May 2005 she was admitted to the TWIF, since 2006, athletes began to take part in the World Championships in this sport. But only on March 28, 2006, tug of war was officially recognized in Russia as one of the sports.

A sport in which two teams directly face off against each other. A tug-of-war (or "tug-of-war" in English) is a competition in which two teams pull at opposite ends of a rope; the team that crosses the center line loses. The tug-of-war is a team event and is essentially the only type of power struggle in which women have truly participated since at least the late 19th century. International Federation Tug of War (TWIF - Tug of War International Federation) was formed in 1960 and currently includes 51 national federations, the federation is recognized by the International Olympic Committee.

Rules. Eight members of each team, whose total weight should not exceed the maximum for a given weight category, are located at different ends of the rope, the circumference of which is from 10 cm to 12.5 cm, and the length is not less than 33.5 m. "And at a distance of 4 meters from it there are two side marks. Before the start of the competition, the teams stand so that the center mark is above the line drawn on the ground. At a signal from the referee, each team begins to pull the rope, aging either so that the mark closest to the opponents crosses the line on the ground (that is, trying to pull the rope by 4 meters), or so that the opposing team earns a foul, which is counted if someone from the team sits down or falls.
Competitions are also held according to rules that differ from the traditional ones. So, the rope used in the competitions held during the festival in the South Korean province of Gyeongsangnam-do is 251 meters long, about 1.4 meters in diameter and weighs 54.5 tons.

The program of the 1900-1920 Olympic Games included tug of war as an athletics discipline (at the 1912 Olympics, according to the official report, it figured as an independent sport), however, the IOC currently considers tug of war as a separate sport at all Games.

Story. This game (or sport) originated among seafarers, at a time when a team of sailors had to pull the ropes together in order to adjust the sails while sailing or even in a naval battle. The first tug-of-war competition took place in India, after the ground officers saw the competition during sea travel. The officers decided that this game would allow their soldiers to keep fit during the long sea voyages from England to India and back. They liked these competitions so much that they continued to organize them already on the ground.

Tug-of-war is a very ancient pastime. The tug-of-war comes from ancient rituals and ceremonies. Evidence has been found in various parts of the world from Egypt and India to Myanmar and New Guinea ... In the famous 12th century Temple of the Sun in Konark, India, there is a stone bas-relief depicting the various stages of a tug-of-war. It is not known who is the ancestor of this game, but it is known that in ancient Egypt and ancient China there were legends that the Sun and the Moon were tug of war in the struggle for light.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, J. Lyons & Co. in London were known even outside England for their unusual athleticism for those times and active participation in sports, the highlight of the program of which was tug-of-war. They were called Nippies for their dexterity at carrying tea in a crowded restaurant. In order to live up to their name, the Lions waitresses were actively involved in sports. During the annual competition, the girls competed in hurdles, tug-of-war and other sports. A lot of photographs and video clips with these unusual girls have been preserved. The Nippies wore a special uniform with hats, reminiscent of maid clothes. During the competition, the girls impressed the crowd with their sport skirts, jumpers, below the knee socks and headbands.

Team tug-of-war events originated in England, Scotland, Sweden and many other countries with a long tradition of sailing. This game (or sport) arose among seafarers at a time when a team of sailors had to pull the ropes together in order to adjust the sails while sailing or even in a naval battle. The first tug-of-war competition took place in India, after the ground officers saw the competition during sea travel. The officers decided that this game would allow their soldiers to keep fit during the long sea voyages from England to India and back. They liked these competitions so much that they continued to organize them already on the ground.

Currently, in many countries around the world, there are male and female (as well as mixed) tug-of-war teams. Even an international federation for this sport, "Tug of War International Federation" (TWIF), has been created. In 2008, the federation included 53 countries, among which the oldest members are Scotland, Ireland, England, India, Switzerland and Belgium (Russia also recently joined TWIF).

This sport was included in the program of the 1920 Olympic Games, but then it was excluded from the program. At the same time, tug-of-war competitions are organized as part of the World Games program, which includes sports not represented in the Olympiads. TWIF also organizes world championships for national teams, both indoors and outdoors.

This is a truly democratic, fun and competitive game that does not require complicated equipment - just a rope. Nowadays, women participate in tug-of-war except perhaps more often than men.

In addition to women's and men's competitions, "4 + 4" competitions are becoming very popular. In addition to team competitions, one-on-one fights are held.

Basic rules for the classic version of the tug of war:
Spikes or spiked boots are not permitted. Synthetic boots can be worn.
Gloves are not permitted.
Substitutions are not permitted after the start of the bout.
Before the fight, the team captains throw a coin to determine the sides.
There is a maximum 5 minute rest break between contractions.
Women should wear appropriately sized opaque shorts and T-shirts.

Increase the strength of your team. Put the strongest man completely so that he can use his strength to the maximum and can not be afraid of slipping. Some people argue that the strongest person should be put ahead, but the problem with this technique is that if he slips, your team will suffer a serious loss. Put the strongest person completely, and have another strong team member in front. It's best to alternate the weakest players with the strongest so that you don't end up with a series of several weak players pulling the team to the bottom.

• If there is a knot at both ends of the rope for one of the players, you should send the strongest member of your team to him.

Get in the right position. First, do not wrap the rope around your hands or wrists. This action is guaranteed to harm you and can lead to fracture or sprain. Grasp the rope with your upper grip and extend your arms as far as possible so that you can lean back and get into a vantage point. Remember that victory is not achieved by tug-of-war with your hands, but by pushing your feet off the ground while you hold onto the rope with your hands. If you plan to win by trying to pull the rope towards you, you will get tired very quickly.

• Leaning back, keep your arms and body as straight as possible and rest your feet on the ground, preventing your body from moving. Imagine yourself lying on a reclining chair.
• Your feet should be slightly wider than shoulder width apart.
• You and your teammates will be on the same side of the rope, holding onto the rope on both sides.