JUMPING INTO THE WATER, one of the water sports organized by the International Amateur Swimming Federation (FINA). Includes ski jumping (1 and 3 m) and platforms (5, 7.5 and 10 m). The competition consists of a series of jumps, the winner is determined by the best total of points.
Since the 1990s, the program of official competitions also includes synchronized jumping.
Since 2013, the program of diving (FINA) has included "high-altitude" jumps - high diving.
There are 2 disciplines in side diving - jumping from a platform of 27 meters for a man and jumping from a platform of 20 meters for a woman.
Rules. (The full FINA diving and heading rules can be found on the website under "FINA rules and requirements")
Jumping into the water is carried out from a springboard or platform. Springboard - a special board with a length of at least 4.8 m and a width of 0.5 m, one end of which is fixed on the side of the pool. Installed at a height of 1-3 m above the water level. It has an anti-slip coating along its entire length. The springboard allows the jumper to swing well and, due to this additional acceleration, push off powerfully.
Tower - a structure with platforms at different heights: 1, 3, 5, 7.5 and 10 m.The width of the platform is 2, the length is 6 m.The edge of the platform (as well as the front edge of the springboard) protrudes beyond the edge of the pool by at least 1 , 5 m.
At the Olympic Games, athletes compete in jumping from a 3-meter springboard and a 10-meter platform. Some international competitions also includes jumping from a meter springboard.
Racks and techniques. Jump classification.
Jumps are performed fromfront(facing the water) orback(back to the water) racks, andhandstands; from place or with a running start.
There are the following body positions of the athlete during the jump:
bending over- straight legs are joined together;
bending over- the body is bent at the waist, legs are straight;
in grouping- the body is grouped with the knees, which are joined together, the arms wrapped around the lower part of the legs.
In all positions, the toes of the legs are extended.
When jumping, the athlete performs the following techniques:
half turn- jump with body rotation around the transverse axis by 180 degrees;
turnover- jump with body rotation around the transverse axis by 360 degrees, there are also jumps of 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 revolutions;
half screw- jump with body rotation around the longitudinal axis by 180 degrees;
screw- jump with body rotation around the longitudinal axis by 360 degrees, there are also jumps with 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 screws.
Jumping into the water is divided into 6 types (classes):
Jumping out frontrotating racksforward;
Jumping out backrotating racksback;
Jumping out frontrotating racksback;
Jumping out backrotating racksforward;
Jumping from rotation around the longitudinal axis (with screws);
Jumping from handstands(performed only at the tower).
According to experts, now there are more than 60 main methods of diving from a springboard and about 90 - from a tower. In addition, athletes "invent" their own varieties, including figures and technical elements from different jumps.
Formula of the competition.
At the Olympic Games and World Championships, diving from a 3-meter springboard and a 10-meter platform is divided into three stages.
Preliminary (or qualifying ) stage, according to the results of which the 18 best jumpers are determined,semifinal, where of these 18 the 12 strongest are determined and, finally,the final... The points earned by the athlete in the semi-finals are added to their scores for the "final jumps". The jumper with the highest total points is the winner.
On the springboard, men perform 6 jumps of different types at the preliminary stage and in the final (in both cases, the difficulty coefficient of jumps is not limited), in the semifinals - 5 jumps of various types, the total difficulty coefficient of which should not exceed 9.5. Competitions for women are held according to the same scheme - with one single exception: at all three stages, they perform 5 jumps each.
Accordingly, the platform jumping competitions are held according to the scheme 6 + 4 + 6 (for women: 5 + 4 + 5), and the total difficulty coefficient of jumps performed in the semifinals should not exceed 7.6.
The meter ski jumping competition consists of one stage. Athletes perform 6 (women - 5) jumps of different types without limiting the difficulty coefficient.
Before the start of the competition, each athlete fills out a protocol within the established time frame, in which he indicates all the jumps he performs. The order of the indicated jumps cannot be broken. The execution of a jump declared under a different number or not declared at all does not count.
How the jump is scored.
At the Olympic Games, Championships and World Cups, jumps are evaluated by 7 (in other competitions there may be 5) line judges, who are located on the sides of the platform (springboard) according to the instructions of the head judge.
The jump is evaluated on a 10-point system: from 0 (lowest) to 10 (highest). When deriving the total mark for a jump, the highest and lowest marks are discarded, the remaining ones are summed up and multiplied by the jump's difficulty coefficient (from 1.2 to 3.6). The result is multiplied by 0.6.
The judges will evaluate the following components of the jump:
starting position - should be relaxed and natural;
takeoff - must be performed freely, naturally, in a straight line and consist of at least 4 steps;
repulsion - must be confident and directed upward (when jumping from a springboard, an athlete must push off with only two legs at the same time, when jumping from a platform from the front stand, pushing off with one leg is allowed);
bounce (flight) - all shapes and elements should be performed cleanly and beautifully;
entering the water - should be as vertical as possible with a minimum of splashing.
The jump is considered complete when the entire body of the athlete is under water.
At the 1984 Olympic Games, American jumper Gregory Efthymios Luganis (see below) received record marks: 754.41 points for 11 ski jumping and 710.91 - for jumping from the platform. In the same year, at the World Championships in Ecuador, he received the highest mark from all seven judges - 10 points - for a jump from a platform: a somersault of 1.5 turns forward bending over.
Preparing the jumper.
Jumping into the water is one of the water sports disciplines, but the athlete performs the main technical elements of the jump in the air - before contact with the water surface. Therefore, he must be prepared, first of all, as an acrobat and gymnast.
They begin to master the technique with training jumps from the side of the pool, a starting bedside table or a springboard of 80-100 cm. Then they master a 3-meter springboard and gradually reach a 5- and 10-meter tower. The technique of jumping is also becoming more complicated: from an elementary dismount into the water with feet down ("soldier") to a more complex "swallow" (half-turn forward bending over from the front rack) and other "aerobatics".
Jumping into the water requires excellent physical fitness, coordination of movements and considerable courage: the flight speed at the time of the jump can exceed 50 km / h. Incorrect entry into the water - especially when jumping from a 10-meter platform - is fraught with not only the loss of precious points, but also serious bruises. Technical mistakes promise no less trouble at the time of push-off or the flight itself. Even the most titled athletes are not immune from such mistakes. For example, Luganis at the 1988 Olympic Games received a serious head injury (which, however, did not prevent him from winning the competition in both types of programs).
The most dangerous of all are the jumps from the front stance with a backward rotation and from the rear stance with a forward rotation.
From the history of diving.
Historical documents have survived, indicating that jumping into the water (feet and head first) from rocks, reefs, ships, etc., was practiced in antiquity. Basically fishermen, divers and warriors dared to do this. Moreover, among the ancient Romans, soldiers often jumped in full combat gear.
This kind of entertainment was no less popular in later times. It is known, for example, that jumping into the water was fond of in Germany in the Middle Ages.
According to some documents, the first diving competitions in history took place back in the 17th century, of course, on natural reservoirs.
In the second half of the 19th century, diving - or, as they were called at one time, "bizarre diving" - became widespread in many countries. This was facilitated by the construction of special water sports facilities and the incredible popularity of gymnastics (which is, in fact, the basis of the diving technique). Gymnastic exercises "penetrated" the summer beaches, and over time they began to be done not only on land, but also over water.
Ski jumping was more popular in Germany, and from the platform in Sweden. Until the First World War, these countries were the legislators of "sports fashion" in the respective disciplines (by the way, it was in Germany and Sweden that gymnastics became widespread in the 17th century). Over time, the Americans developed their own universal jumping style, borrowing strengths from each of the “legislators”: the right moment), the Swedes have relaxed arms and shoulders. This laid the foundation for modern diving technique, providing high reach and entry into the water “without splashes”. (Interestingly, the "father" of diving in the United States was the coach Ernest Brandsten, who was a member of the Swedish Olympic team in 1908 and later moved to America.)
The first modern diving competition took place around 1880 in Great Britain. The European Championship debuted in 1890.
FINA was created in 1908, and the European Swimming League (LEN) in 1927.
The World Championship has been held since 1973. Luganis won a record number of world titles - 5 (in 1978 in platform jumps, in 1982 and 1986 - from a platform and a springboard). American Philip George Boggs received three world "gold" in one type of program (springboard) - in 1973, 1975 and 1978.
Currently, Chinese divers are the leaders in diving.
Diving at the Olympic Games.
In 1904, diving was first included in the program of the Olympic Games. The men competed in platform jumping (the winner was George Sheldon) and in distance jumping (the gold went to Paul Dickie). Ski jumping was added to the program in 1908. Long-distance jumping competitions were no longer held, but the programs of the Games of 1912, 1920 and 1924 included the so-called "simple jumps" along with the usual jumps for us. In this discipline, the Swedes had no equal.
Women made their Olympics debut in 1912 in platform jumping. Since 1920 they have also competed in ski jumping.
Long time to win Olympic tournaments(with rare exceptions, like the "gold" of the Mexican P. Capilla at the Games-56 on the tower) only Americans celebrated. At the same time, Albert White and Peter Desjardins (respectively, in 1924 and 1928) made a "golden" double: they won in both types of the program. Dorothy Poynton was second to none on the Olympic tower in the 1930s. In the 50s, Patricia Joan McCormick (née Keller) reigned supreme on the watchtower and springboard for women. Samuel Lee (1948, 1952) and Robert Webster (1960, 1964) excelled at two Games in a row. In total, US jumpers have won more than half of all Olympic medals (including gold).
In the early 1960s, Europeans began to "catch up" with them. First of all, the Italian Klaus Dibiasi. German I. Engel-Kremer (before marriage - Kremer), who played for the United Team of Germany, was the first on the springboard at two Games in a row - in 1960 and 1964. And at the Games-60 she had no equal in jumping from the tower. In 1968, Milena Dukhkova (Czechoslovakia) succeeded in this type of program, and in 1972 - the Swede Ulrika Knape. In the 70s, Soviet athletes also entered the Olympic elite of divers.. V recent times notable successes were achieved by athletes from China, who even managed to win three of the four highest awards at the "native" for the Americans Olympics in Atlanta.
The largest number of Olympic awards - 5 each - was won by Dibiasi (3 "gold", 2 "silver" - in 1964-1976) and Luganis (4 gold medals and 1 silver - in 1976, 1984 and 1988). Dibiasi was also the only one of all the divers to win in one kind of program (tower) at three Games in a row: in 1968, 1972 and 1976. Two divers managed to make an Olympic double at two Games in a row. These are Mac Cormick (1952, 1956) and Luganis (1984 and 1988).
For a long time, the official program of the Olympics included only individual jumps from a 3-meter springboard and a 10-meter platform. At the 2000 Games, athletes competed in synchronized jumping for the first time.
Synchronized jumping.
Synchronized jumping was first demonstrated in the early 1970s at demonstration performances. The initiators of the "double jumps" were Soviet athletes.
Many experts were skeptical about the innovation. Synchronized jumping, by definition, requires not only high individual skill, but also complete coordination in the actions of athletes. It seemed to skeptics that this was impossible to achieve, and the success of individual couples was initially explained solely by luck. But the German jumpers, who confidently won victory after victory in unofficial competitions, proved that synchronization in diving is quite achievable. Gradually, the new discipline gained recognition in many countries around the world. The former favorites had a lot of serious competitors - from Italy, China and Russia, which were later joined by synchronized interpreters from Australia, Mexico and Ukraine.
In 1997, synchronized jumping was first included in the program of official competitions (European Championship), and in 2000 their Olympic debut took place.
The synchronized interpreters compete for four sets of awards: jumping from a 3-meter springboard and a 10-meter platform (men and women). The final is preceded by a qualifying stage. Unlike "regular" jumps, in "synchronized" the winner is determined only by the results of the final part of the tournament.
The performance is evaluated by 9 (11) judges: 5 - the synchronization of the jump and 2 (3) - the individual technique of each of the participants in the pair. If all five marks for synchronicity (or all 4 (6) marks for execution technique) are zero, the overall jump mark is 0 points.
Diving in Russia.
The first diving competitions took place in Russia in 1913.
In the USSR, it has been cultivated as a sport since the 1920s. The national championship has been held since 1923.
In 1952, the All-Union Federation of Diving was formed (before that, a special section operated in the structure of the USSR Swimming Federation). In the same year, Soviet jumpers made their debut at the Olympic Games. They reached the finals in all 4 types of the program and eventually took 4th place in the unofficial team competition. Eight years later, the USSR national team won the first Olympic medal: at the Games in Rome Ninel Krutova was the third in the platform jumping among women. Games-68 brought us two silver medals in women's jumping: Tamara Fedosova (springboard) and Natalia Kuznetsova (tower).
In 1972 Vladimir Vasin on the third try (at the two previous Games he performed unsuccessfully) won gold on the springboard, beating the favorites of the tournament - the Italians Klaus Dibiasi and Franco Caniotto and a group of strong Americans.
At the next Games, the "golden" initiative was supported by Elena Voitsekhovskaya (tower).
Vladimir Aleinik (tower) and Alexander Kosenkov (springboard) won bronze in Montreal.
In 1980, Alexander Portnov and Irina Kalinina became Olympic champions on the springboard. (Two years earlier, Kalinina also made the first gold double in the history of the World Championships.)
Since 1991, the "era" of the legendary domestic diver into the water, Dmitry Sautin, begins.
He achieved his first success at the age of 17 as a member of the USSR national team, winning a silver medal at the European Championship in Athens (1991).
D. Sautin - winner of 8 Olympic awards,
Two-time Olympic champion:
1996 - 10-meter tower,
2000 - 10-meter tower (synchronized jumping) (with Igor Lukashin)
Silver medalist 2000 in synchronized diving from a 3-meter springboard (with Alexander Dobroskok)
Silver medalist 2008 in synchronized diving from a 3-meter springboard (with Yuri Kunakov)
4x Olympic bronze medalist:
1992 - 3-meter springboard,
2000 - 3-meter springboard and 10-meter tower
2004 - 3-meter springboard
Participant of 5 Olympic Games - 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008
Sole winner of medals in all 4 types of modern jumping program at the Olympic Games.
Five-time world champion:
Rome 1994 - 10-meter tower,
Perth 1998 - 10-meter tower,
Perth 1998 - 3-meter springboard,
Fukuoka-2001 - 3-meter springboard,
Barcelona 2003 - 3-meter springboard (synchronized jumping) (with Alexander Dobroskok)
Recognized as the best Russian diving diver of the XX century. He became the first athlete who in diving received an assessment of over 100 points for a jump.
Twice (1998 and 2000) he was named the best sportsman of the year in Russia.
Recognized as the best diver in the world of the XXI century.
In 1992, at the Olympic Games, as part of the United Team, Irina Lashko (Feza) took a silver medal in jumping from a 3-meter springboard. After 4 years in Atlanta, she took another "silver" in the same category of jumping, for which she was awarded Order of Friendship, later began to perform in synchronized jumping paired with Yulia Pakhalina... In 1998, they won the world title in the same Perth .
On Olympic Games 2000 Vera Ilyina paired with Yulia Pakhalina rode like the main contenders for victory in the competition for synchronous springboard... In the final of the competition, the Russian couple confirmed the advances issued. The gap from the second place was 11 points. In 2004, Ilyina and Pakhalina, until recently, pretended to repeat the success of four years ago, but the Chinese women perfectly performed their program of five jumps, ahead of our pair by 6 points.
Vera Ilyina, participant of four Olympic Games... At all the games, Vera took part in the final jumps in the competition on a three-meter springboard, but she never managed to rise above the 4th place.
Yulia Pakhalina is the owner of 5 Olympic medals.
in 2004 in Athens, in addition to the silver medal in synchronized jumping, he became the owner bronze medal in individual ski jumping 3 meters.
Won gold medal at the World Championships in three-meter springboard and synchronized jumping in 1998 in Australia... Two years later, in the same place, in Australia, Julia won the World Cup, and then became the champion XXVII summer Olympic Games in Sydney .
V 2004 year at the XXVIII Summer Olympic Games in Athens, Yulia Pakhalina won silver and bronze medals.
In 2008, in Beijing, he became twice a silver medalist in individual jumping from a 3-meter springboard and with Anastasia Pozdnyakova in synchronized jumping from a 3-meter springboard.
At the 2009 World Championships in Rome, she won the gold medal on the one-meter springboard.
In 2012 in London, 32 years later (A. Portnov 1980, Moscow) for the first time in the history of Russian diving, Ilya Zakharov became Olympic champion in individual ski jumping 3 meters, beating experienced Chinese athletes Qin Kaya and He Chun .
In synchronized jumping from a springboard of 3 meters, together with Evgeny Kuznetsov, he becomes a silver medalist.
At present, the Russian Federation of diving is headed by the President - Aleksey Viktorovich Vlasenko.
At the beginning of 2015, diving is developing in 16 regions Russian Federation, at 21 sports schools / diving departments:
1.Moscow (3 sports schools - MGFSO, Youth of Moscow, CSKA)
2. Moscow region, Ruza / Elektrostal
3. Leningrad region, St. Petersburg (2 schools - Kolpino, St. Petersburg)
4. Volgograd region, Volgograd
5. Voronezh region, Voronezh
6. Penza region, Penza
7. Samara region, Togliatti
8. Saratov region, Saratov (2 schools - Balakovo, Saratov)
9. Stavropol Territory, Stavropol
10. Orenburg region, Buzuluk
11. Sverdlovsk region, Yekaterinburg (2 schools - Youth, Youth Palace)
13. Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan
14. Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk
15. Republic of Mordovia, Saransk
16. Astrakhan region, Astrakhan
Diving- Olympic water sport, the essence of which is to perform acrobatic elements in jumping from a tower or springboard into the water. In diving, both the quality of the performance of acrobatic elements and the cleanliness of entering the water are assessed.
The International Swimming Federation (Fédération Internationale de Natation, FINA) is an organization that develops diving and organizes international competitions.
The history of the emergence and development of diving
People from ancient times, one way or another, were engaged in jumping into the water, they did it from rocks, shores, ships. This activity was prevalent mainly among fishermen, divers and warriors. If we talk about diving as a hobby, then for the first time they started talking about it in Switzerland in the 16th century.
Jumping into the water became widespread in the second half of the 19th century, this was due to the widespread construction of bathing complexes. In parallel with the Swiss school of diving, there was also a German school. The main difference between the German school and the Swiss one is the apparatus from which the jumps are performed - the springboard. The Swiss, on the other hand, performed jumping from towers.
During the ski jump, the athlete's whole body was very tense. Such jumps were distinguished by great precision of execution. The jumps of the Swiss were characterized by freedom and natural body position. Later, American jumpers managed to combine both schools, and got a high reach and entry into the water without splashing.
In 1908 the International Federation swimming (FINA), which influenced the further development of diving and contributes to their development at the present time.
Diving rules
Each jump must be designated with 3 or 4 numbers and a letter after them.
First digit denotes the class of the jump:
1 - jumps from the front rack with forward rotation;
2 - jumps from the rear rack with backward rotation;
3 - jumps from the front rack with backward rotation;
4 - jumping from the back rack with forward rotation;
5 - jumps with rotation in two planes with screws;
6 - jumping from a handstand.
Second digit can take the value 1 or 0. The number 1 indicates that the jump has a flight phase, and the number 0 indicates that there is no flight phase. In handstand jumps, the second number indicates the class or direction to which the jump belongs:
1 - front;
2 - back;
3 - with backward rotation from the front pillar.
In the class of screw jumps, the second number denotes the class or direction of the take-off.
Third digit shows the number of half-turns performed.
Fourth digit in the classes of screw jumps and jumps from the handstand, means the number of half-screws performed.
The letter at the end of the jump number indicates the position in which the jump is performed:
A - straight;
B - bending over;
C - in a group;
D - free.
All competitions in individual and synchronized diving must include six dives. Jumping should not be repeated.
After the signal from the referee, the athlete must take the starting position (free and independent). For example, when jumping from a place, the body should be straight, the head should be straightened, and the arms should be straight in any position.
If a running jump is performed, then it should be smooth, aesthetically pleasing and continuous until the end of the springboard or platform, and the last step should be done with one leg and without jumping before taking off.
The take off from the springboard must be done with both feet at the same time. Take-off in a jump from the front stance in front of back from the platform can be done with one leg.
During flight, the jump position should be aesthetically pleasing at all times.
The jump is considered complete when the whole body of the diver is completely below the surface of the water.
Diving pool and equipment
For competitions in diving and swimming, the same pool is used, so their parameters will be identical: a width of 21 meters and a length of 18 to 22 meters. However, FINA rules specify a minimum diving pool depth of 4.5 m and a minimum illumination of 1 m above the water surface of 500 lux.
The platform for diving is equipped with platforms with a width of 0.6 m to 3 m located at a height of 1, 3, 5, 7.5 and 10 m. The platforms made of reinforced concrete are covered with hard wood and covered with an anti-slip coating on top.
Springboards are made of duralumin alloy, due to which maximum springing qualities are achieved. The height of the jumps varies from 1 to 3 meters above the water surface, the width is 0.5 m, and the length is 4.8 m. According to FINA rules, the leading edge of the springboard should recede from the edge of the pool by 1.5 m.
In addition, at competitions in diving, a unit is used for mechanical excitement of the water surface. This is necessary for the athlete to better estimate the distance to the water surface.
Many people ask “Why do athletes climb into a small warm pool after a jump?”, All this is done for reasons of hygiene and to maintain muscle tone.
Equipment
Outfit for male jumpers - swimming trunks with cuffs around the legs, for women - a one-piece swimsuit of the established pattern of swimming companies with which FINA and the European Swimming League cooperate. The material of diving equipment must be more durable than swimmers' clothing.
Types of diving
There are several groups according to which all sports jumps are classified:
- Front (facing the water);
- Back (back to the water);
- Handstand.
The presence of a run
- Standing jump;
- Running jump.
Body position
- Bent over - straight legs are connected together;
- Bent over - the body is bent at the waist, legs are straight;
- In a grouping - the knees brought together are pulled up to the body, the arms clasp the lower part of the legs.
Turns and screws
- Half turn - jump with body rotation around the transverse axis by 180 degrees;
- Turnover - a jump with a rotation of the body around the transverse axis by 360 degrees, there are also jumps of 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4.5 turns;
- Half screw - jump with body rotation around the longitudinal axis by 180 degrees;
- Screw - a jump with body rotation around the longitudinal axis by 360 degrees, there are also jumps with 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 screws.
The combination of various elements allows you to perform more than 60 options for jumping from a springboard and more than 90 from a platform.
Refereeing
Diving competitions are regulated by the referee with the assistance of the assistant referees, judges and the secretariat.
A very beautiful sport is diving. Athletes dive from different heights, having time to perform amazing acrobatic stunts in the air. The judges evaluate the quality of the elements and the cleanliness of the immersion in the water. In synchronized jumping, it is assessed how simultaneously athletes perform certain elements. To participate in diving, athletes must perform rotations, screws and various rotations.
Participants of the Diving Games
For summer Olympic Games Rio de Janeiro 2016 will host 136 diving athletes, 68 men and women each. In total, eight sets of medals will be played between them in four disciplines for men and four for women. One country can present two participants for individual diving, in synchronized diving, one team from a country is accepted.
The qualifying tournament took place in Kazan, where the World Championship was held. There were 12 quotas for individual athletes and 3 for synchronous groups. After that, other stages of the qualification selection passed. The future participants in the Summer Olympic Games were identified.
Selection has the following principles:
- No more than two people from one country are allowed for individual competitions.
- One person can only receive one quota for their country's participation in an event such as the Olympics .
- If unallocated quotas remain, they will be transferred to those who took places in the 2016 World Cup after 19th.
Continental qualifiers were also held. In addition to them, Brazil, as the host country, received one place in each synchronized discipline.
Qualification of the competition:
- 2015 European Diving Championships;
- Pan American Games 2015;
- 2015 FINA World Championships;
- Asian Diving Cup 2015;
- Oceania Diving Championship 2015;
- Diving World Cup 2016.
According to the diving association's rules, athletes born later than January 1, 2003 will not be able to attend the Summer Olympics to participate.
Olympic diving disciplines:
- springboard, 3 m;
- synchronous springboard, 3 m;
- tower, 10 m;
- synchronous tower, 10 m.
Diving competition calendar
For those who follow the diving: the competition will be held from 7 to 18 August. On August 11, there will be a break between singles and synchronized competitions.
- August 7. Women: synchronized springboard, 3m, final;
- 8 August. Men: synchronized springboard, 3m, final;
- August 9. Women: synchronized platform, 10m, final;
- August 10. Men: synchronized platform, 10m, final;
- 12th of August. Women: Springboard, 3m, preliminary round;
- August 13. Women: springboard, 3m, semi-finals;
- August 14th. Women: springboard, 3m, final;
- August 15. Men: Springboard, 3m, preliminary round;
- August 16. Men: springboard, 3m, semi-finals, finals.
- August 17th. Women: platform, 10m, preliminary round;
- August 18. Women: platform, 10m, semi-finals, finals.
- August 19. Men: platform, 10m, preliminary round;
- August 18. Men: platform, 10m, semi-finals, competition finals.
Diving is a beautiful sport; a lot of spectators usually gather to watch the competition.
Popular TV show, Russian version of the Dutch entertainment show Splash.
The first season of the show " Tower”Went on the air on Channel One in the summer of 2013. The program was hosted by Viktor Vasiliev and Katerina Shpitsa.
The task of the show participants, who have never been involved in water sports before, is to master diving, gradually complicating their technique. They perform both solo and synchronized jumps in tandem with famous Russian divers.
In the first season of the show " Tower»The judges who evaluated the performances of the participants on a point system were constantly changing. In the first editions, the jury included actor and showman Stanislav Sadalsky. The final was judged Olympic champion Montreal 1976 10-meter jump Elena Vaytsekhovskaya, writer Tatiana Ustinova, actor Emmanuel Vitorgan, TV presenter Dmitry Dibrov, actor Andrey Urgant.
The screen stars were coached by a family of Russian sports stars: honored coach of the Russian national team Raisa and Sergey Galperins and their son, bronze medalist of the 2008 Olympics and two-time champion the world, Gleb Halperin.
Participants of the HSE show
In the show " Tower"Sportsmen, TV presenters, actors, musicians took part - only 16 people.
The participants were divided into two teams: "Sharks" and "Dolphins". Even before the division into teams, the singer left the show Victoria Kuzmina- after the first round, and the singer Angelica Frolova- after the second round.
Team "Dolphins"
- kvnshchik Dmitry Kozhoma(reached the semifinals)
- connoisseur of the game “What? Where? When?" Valentina Golubeva(reached round 4)
- actor Vladislav Demin (finalist)
- singer Mitya Fomin (finalist)
- TV presenter Victoria Bonya (finalist)
- TV presenter Dana Borisova (reached round 5)
- TV presenter Maxim Sharafutdinov - winner
Team "Sharks"
- singer Katya Lel (reached the semifinals)
- actor, kvnschik Mikhail Bashkatov (finalist)
- actor, parodist Alexander Morozov (finalist)
- singer Sevara Nazarkhan (reached the 5th round)
- weightlifter Dmitry Klokov (reached the semifinals)
- singer Danko(reached the semifinals)
- TV presenter Svetlana Kuritsyna (reached round 4)
Throughout the season, the Dolphins team turned out to be stronger than the Sharks team, having won four rounds.
The only representative of the fair sex who reached the final was TV presenter Victoria Bonya. In the final, Bonya unexpectedly asked the judges to allow her to jump not with a partner, but with a coach - Gleb Galperin.
Winner of the show HSE
Until recently, Maxim did not believe in victory: the favorites throughout the season were Vlad Demin and Mikhail Bashkatov. As a result, they took second and third places, respectively.
Sharafutdinov won by performing a solo jump from a height of 7.5 m from a handstand with a turn of 360 degrees in the final.
Jumping into the water is one of the most traumatic sports, so the selection of participants took place with the participation of a medical board. The life and health of those who passed the medical examination were insured under special conditions.
During their participation in the show, the finalists made at least 300 dives. Almost all of them were bruised, many were injured. For example, Maxim Sharafutdinov had his vertebrae set, Vlad Demin's ear membrane burst, Sevara Nazarkhan broke his finger.
The show's format is owned by a Dutch company that aired it in 2012. In 2013, a program called " Splash"Became the highest rated new show of the British TV channel ITV. Olympic bronze medalist becomes coach of British stars Tom Daly/ Tom Daley. In March 2013, Splash was launched on the American ABC channel.
Diving is a popular water sport. Jumps are performed from a tower (5-10 m) or a springboard (1-3 m). During the execution, the athlete shows certain acrobatic actions (rotations, revolutions or screws), which are evaluated by the judges.
Equipment and outfit of athletes
The springboard is an elastic board placed on the edge of the pool side. Dimensions are 4.8 m long, 50 cm wide. Its leading edge should be 150 cm from the pool wall.
The tower is a fixed structure made of durable materials. The surface should be equipped with a springy and non-slip coating. The height of the towers in meters: 5, 7.5, 10.
Jumping into the water: the rules of the competition impose the following requirements on the pool:
- Width - 21 meters;
- Length - from 18 to 22 m;
- The water temperature is 28-30 ° C.
Equipment for athletes consists of some mandatory parts:
- Women perform in a one-piece swimsuit;
- Men take part in swimming trunks and with a cuff on the leg;
- Jumpers' clothing is made from durable material.
Athletes can be conditionally divided into several age categories:
- Children up to 14 years old;
- 14-18 - juniors;
- Over 18 - adults.
Jumping
According to the official rules, diving involves the implementation of several sports elements, which can be divided into the following categories:
- Racks (front, back, on the hands);
- Execution of an element from a place or run;
- The position of the torso (bending over, with straight legs connected, bent over at the waist, with the knees brought to the torso and the girth of the lower legs);
- Half-turn - a jump with the body turning around the transverse axis by 180 °;
- Turn - a similar 360 ° maneuver;
- Half screw - execution of a sports element with 180 ° rotation around the longitudinal axis;
- The screw is a similar 360 ° combination.
By combining different types of jumps, more than 50 elements from the springboard and about 90 from the platform can be displayed. Each jump has a certain difficulty factor from 1.2 to 3.9.
Competition program
Participants must complete compulsory jumps in the amount of 5 pieces. In addition, a certain number of arbitrary elements should be played (depending on the format of the competition). For women, there are 5 free jumps from the springboard, for men - 6. From the platform, all athletes do 4 elements of limited difficulty (with a maximum total number of points - 7.5). Also, men perform 6, and women 4 jumps without limiting the level of difficulty. The elements of the compulsory program must not be repeated in the free part.
If there are more than 16 participants in the diving competition, the rules provide for a qualifying and final part.
Refereeing
The correct execution of the jump is evaluated on a scale from 0 to 10. During the execution of the element, the judge pays attention to the following factors:
- Starting position (it should be natural and without undue stress);
- Take-off run (the correct element consists of at least 4 steps, it is performed naturally in a straight line);
- Take-off (must be sure, from the springboard is performed with two legs, on the platform - one limb is allowed);
- The jump itself, its beauty, clarity and complexity;
- The entrance to the water should be vertical with a minimum amount of splashes.
In percentage terms, the jump is assessed according to the following parameters:
- Takeoff run, clean and jerk - 30%;
- Flight - 40%;
- Water entrance - 30%.
The arbiters show the overall score in points for the execution of the jump. The maximum and minimum figures are not taken into account. If there is the same number of points, any 2 marks are removed. The total of the remaining three or five cards is multiplied by the element's difficulty factor. To simplify the calculation of results in all competitions, a rating scale is used.
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